Sentencing Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four aims of sentencing?

A
  1. Retribution
  2. Deterrence
  3. Protection of society
  4. Reparation
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2
Q

Describe Retribution as an aim of sentencing

A

This is the idea that someone has done wrong and should be punished. Therefore they should get a sentence that their level of fault deserves

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3
Q

What are the two types of deterrence?

A
Individual deterrence (aims to prevent the offender from reoffending) 
general deterrence (aims to deter others from offending
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4
Q

Describe rehabilitation as a aim of sentencing

A

This is trying to reform the offender. Example include eduction for prisoners, drug offender groups and community services

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5
Q

Describe the protection of society aim of sentencing

A

This is when the public needs to be protected from dangerous criminals and custody is the way the legal system deals with this. The Criminal Justice act 2003 can give extended sentences to criminals they think are still a danger to society

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6
Q

What is the reparation aim of sentencing

A

This is when the needs and feeling of the victims are taken into consideration and the defendants need to provide compensation.

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7
Q

What are the factors in sentencing

A

These are things that the court needs to take into consideration when giving a sentence to an offender

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8
Q

Who sets out guidelines for sentencing and what are these guidelines

A

The sentencing guidelines council (imaginative) set out a range of sentencing options for an offence and the minimum, average and maximum tariffs that the courts can impose for a specific offence.

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9
Q

What will be taken into account during sentencing

A

The offenders age background and any mitigating or aggravating factors. To do this the judge might look back to the pre-sentence report.

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10
Q

What will aggravating factors do to a sentence?

A

Increase the severity of the sentence imposed

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11
Q

What will mitigating factors do to a sentence?

A

These will decrease the severity of the sentence imposed

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12
Q

Explain some aggravating factors

A
The criminal justice act sets out some aggravating factors:
Previous convictions 
Offences committed whilst on bail
Offences that involve racist or religious hostility 
Offences against a vulnerable victim 
Use of a weapon 
Repeated attacks 
Abuse of trust
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13
Q

What are some mitigating factors that are set out in the criminal justice act

A

First offence
If the defendant is young or old
Defendant is vulnerable or easily influenced
Defendant showed genuine remorse and tried to compensate victim
Defendant has difficult conditions
Defendant pleaded guilty (1/3 off sentence)

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14
Q

What are the 5 sentences available to a the courts

A
Custodial 
Community sentences 
Community orders 
Financial sentences 
Discharge
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15
Q

What is a suspended sentence

A

When the time in prison is not active unless the defendant commits another crime

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16
Q

What are discharges

A

They can be absolute or conditional and it is when the sentence imposed is lifted as there was an error in the trial