Sentence Structure Flashcards
SS: The chair is next to the table
chair -wa- table -no- next to -ni- arimasu
SS: There are chairs to the left and right of the table
table -no- left and right -ni- chair -ga- arimasu
SS: The chair is on the table
chair -wa- table -no- on desu
SS: I will have a party today
today -wa- party -o- shimasu
SS: This is my husband, John
this is -ga- husband -no- John desu
SS: Kyoto is north of Osaka
Kyoto -wa- Osaka -no- north -ni- arimasu
SS: You turn right at that corner
that -no- corner -o- right -ni- turn masu
SS: She always leaves the office at five o’clock
she -wa- always five o’clock -ni- office -o- leaves masu
SS: There is a convenience store across the street
street -no- across -ni- convenience store -ga- arimasu
SS: Where are you from?
from -wa- where desuka
SS: There is a lot of sugar
sugar -ga- a lot of desu
SS: Where is the entrance to the building?
building -no- entrance -wa- where desuka
SS: I eat sushi with chopsticks
-O- chopsticks -de- sushi -o- eat (masu)
SS: This building has an exit and an entrance
this building -ni- -wa- exit and entrance -ga- arimasu
SS: How do I go to this store?
how this -O- store to go (masuka)
SS: The convenience store is west of the bank
convenience store -wa- bank -no- west -ni- arimasu
SS: There is a small convenience store by the hospital
hospital -no- (soba - by/alongside) -ni- small convenience store -ga- arimasu
SS: You turn left at that corner
that -no- corner -o- left -ni- turn (masu)
SS: This cafe’s coffee is delicious
this -no- cafe -wa- coffee -ga- delicious (desu)
SS: Every year we sleep 2,920 hours
we -wa- every year 2,920 hours sleep (masu)
SS: This path goes west
this path -wa- west -ni- goes (masu)
SS: How do I go to the convenience store
how [douyaate] convenience store to [made] go (masuka)
SS: What is in your wallet
your (-no-) wallet -ni- -wa- what -ga- (arimasuka)
SS: This is a pretty flower, isn’t it?
this -wa- pretty -na- flower (desu ne)
SS: I was in China for five years
China -ni- five years (imashita)
SS: It is inside your bag
your (-no-) bag -no- inside -ni- (arimasu)
SS: There is no other clock this cute
this [konnani?] cute clock -wa- other [hoka] -ni- (arimasen)
SS: There are also other things like this
like this [konna] things [mono] -ga- other [hoka] -ni- also [mo] (arimasu)
SS: There is very little ramen
ramen -ga- very [totemo] little [sukunai] (desu)
SS: I will take out money from the wallet
money -o- wallet from take out
SS: I will put the watch in the bag
bag -ni- watch -o- put in
SS: I got this wallet from my mother
this -O- wallet -wa- mother -ni- got from [morai mashita]
SS: Is money important to you?
money -wa- you to [nitoute] important (desuka)
SS: I want a bag in a different color
different color -no- bag -ga- want
SS: Her father sells lunchboxes at the convenience store
her (-no-) father -wa- convenience store -de- lunchboxes -o- sells
SS: I will go out after taking a shower
shower -o- take [bathe] -te- after [kara] go out
SS: I opened the big window and let in the cool wind
big window -o- open, cool wind -o- let in [iremashita]
SS: I stood up immediately and turned on the light
I -wa- immediately stand up -te- light -o- turned on
SS: I bought a new book, and I will read it starting today
new book -o- bought. and [soshite] today from read
SS: I have two boyfriends
Boyfriend -ga- two [people counter] (imasu)
SS: Is the train not here yet?
train -wa- yet (desuka)
Please take a shower immediately
immediately [sugu] -ni- shower -o- bathe -te- please
What is he doing?
he -wa- what -o- (shiteimasuka)
I will buy a clock with money
-O- money -de- clock -o- buy
Is there a lot of luggage?
luggage -wa- a lot of (desuka)
There is a little pond in the yard of my house
I -no- house -no- yard -ni wa- small pond -ga- (arismasu)
Three dogs are barking in the store
-O- store -de- three [counter for small animals] -no- dog -ga- barking (iteimasu)
There is one dog at his house
he -no- house -ni wa- one [counter] -no- dog -ga- (imasu)
Are there yellow flowers blooming in the yard?
yard -ni- yellow flower -ga- bloom (iteimasuka)
In spring many flowers bloom in the yard
spring -ni wa- many -no- flower -ga- yard -ni- bloom (masu)
There are few deer at the zoo
zoo -ni wa- deer -ga- few (desu)
She will ride a horse to the sea
she -wa- sea to [made] horse -ni- ride (masu)
We saw foxes at the zoo
we [watashi tachi] -wa- zoo [+park] -de- fox -o- saw
What are the children doing?
children [child+tachi] -wa- what -o- (shiteimasuka)
Can I go home?
go home (teiidesuka)
I worked for that company for three years
that company -ni wa- three years worked
I will talk on a cell phone
cell phone -de- talk -o- (shimasu)
There is one person in the room
room -ni- person -ga- one [counter] (imasu)
How many people have birthdays in May?
birthday -ga- May -no- person -wa- what person (imasuka)
My older sister is taking a shower
older sister -wa- shower -o- bathe (teimasu)
Please call the teacher
teacher -o- call -de- please
A plane was flying in the sky
plane -ga- sky -o- fly -de- (imashita)
In my friend’s house there are three cute dogs
my friend -no- house -ni wa- cute dog -ga- three -counter- (imasu)
Let’s do the laundry and then clean up
laundry (shite) and then clean up (shimashou)
She bought two cars
she -wa- car -o- two [counter] bought
You cannot look at the textbook during the exam
test -wa- textbook -o- look at (te) -wa- (ikemasen)
Airplanes also fly in the sky
airplane also sky -o- fly
This is my friend in the class next door
this -wa- next door -no- class -no- friend (desu)
You may go home now
now [mou] go home (te) may [yoroshii]
I want you to teach me English
I -wa- you -ni- English -o- teach [te form] want
I looked up that word in a dictionary right away
that word -wa- right away dictionary -de- looked up
You may not look at another student’s test
another (hoka) -no- student -no- test -o- look at [te form] -wa- (ikemasen)
Why is this answer incorrect?
this answer -wa- why different (-ndesuka)
It is not nine o’clock now
now -wa- nine o’clock -de wa- (arimasen)
There is no bathtub
-O- bathtub -wa- arimasen
Her apartment is far from her university
her -no- apartment -wa- university (kara) far (desu)
After school, what do you do?
school -no- after what -o- (shimasu)
Two udon meal sets, please
udon meal set -o- (futatsu) please
I often play Chinese fantasy video games
often Chinese -no- fantasy game -o- (shimasu)
Should we ask Andrew?
Andrew san -ni- (kikimashouka)
Are you returning home early today?
today -wa- early home -ni- returning (ka)
Which is it?
sore -wa- dore desu ka
I will have a party for twenty-four hours
twenty-four hours party -o- (shimasu)
My younger sisters are in front of and behind me
in front and behind -ni wa- younger sisters -ga- (imasu)
It is on the upper right
right above -ni- (arimasu)
This is a souvenir from the United States
this -wa- america from -no- souvenir (desu)
First, you pass by a big hospital
first, big [ookina] hospital -no- by [soba] -o- pass [toorimasu]
How are you getting home?
how [douyate] home -ni- (kaerimasuka)
Who else is coming?
other -ni- who -ga- coming ?[kimasuka]
How strong is the wind?
wind -wa- how [dorekurai] strong (desuka)
There are all sorts of bags in this store
this store -wa- bag -ga- all sorts are
How is this one different from that one?
this one -to- that one how different (n-desuka)
Because the class is difficult, I study at home
class -ga- difficult because [kara] home -de- study
Who is in the same class?
who -ga- same class (desuka)
Does this river have a bridge?
this river -ni- bridge -wa- (arimasuka)
The high-traffic road was dangerous
car -ga- a lot road -wa- was dangerous
When are you free?
when -ga- free (desuka)
He looked at me sadly
he -wa- sad (sou) -ni- I -o- looked at
What is inside the box?
box -no- inside -ni wa- what -ga- (arimasuka)
There is no one in the room
room -no- inside -ni wa- no one (imasen)
There is a big library near my house
I -no- house -no- near -ni- big library -ga- (arimasu)
You cannot stop here
here -de- stop (te -wa- ikemasen)
They live on the floor below
They -wa- below -no- floor -ni- live
The test yesterday was not easy at all
yesterday -no- test -wa- at all easy (arimasendeshita)
You cannot go home yet
(mada) home -ni- {return} (te) -wa- (ikemasen)
I do not need it anymore
(sore) -wa- (mou ii desu)
I do not remember well
(yoku) remember (-te nai)
I cut the bread using a knife
knife -o- use (te) bread -o- cut (mashita)
Do you prefer the big box or the small box?
big box and small box, which [douchi] -ga- (iidesuka)
You cannot smoke cigarettes in this restaurant
this restaurant -de wa- cigarettes -o- smoke (te) -wa- (ikemasen)
Please cut this paper in two
this paper -o- two -ni- cut (te) please
There’s a pharmacy next to the clinic!
clinic -no- next to -ni- pharmacy -ga- is (yo)
Tokyo at night is pretty
night -no- Tokyo -wa- pretty (desu)
