Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Neuro > Sensory Systems > Flashcards

Sensory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

5 Sensory receptors in skin

A

Meissner’s Corpuscle
Merkle’s Corpuscle
Free nerve ending (nociceptor)
Pacinian corpuscle
Ruffini corpuscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functions of Messienrs Corpuscle

A

Sensory for light touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Merkles corpuscle function

A

touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nociceptors

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pacinian corpuscle

A

deep pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ruffini corpuscle

A

warmth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens to when sensory receptor stimulated

A

tranduce stimulate into a depolarisation, the receptor generator potential.
Degrading, and size of generator potential determined by stimulus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the generator potential

A

It evokes an action potential, for long distance transmission
Frequency encodes intesity of stimulus
Receptive field encodes location of stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What determines Acuity

A

Density of innervation and size of receptive field.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 types of primary afferent fibres involved in cutaneous sensation

A

A (beta): large myelinated (30-70 ms),
A (Delta): Small myelinated (5-30ms)
C: unmyelinated (0.5-2ms)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do A (beta) detect

A

touch, pressure, vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do A (delta) detect

A

cold, ‘fast pain’, pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what do C fibres detect

A

warmth, ‘slow’ pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is proprioception mediated by

A

Mechanoreceptors
A (alpha), A (beta) primary afferent fibres. (muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do primary afferent nerve fibres enter

A

spinal cord via dorsal root ganglia (or cranial nerve ganglia for head)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are mechanoreceptors transmitted?

A

projects up through ipsilateral dorsal colums
synapse in cueate and gracile nuclei
2nd order fibres cross over midline (decussate) in brainstem. then project to reticular formation, thalamus and cortex.

17
Q

How are Thermoreceptive and nociceptive fibres transmitted (A (delta), C)

A

Synapse in the dorsal horn.
2nd order fibres cross over midline in spinal cord.
project up through the lateral spinothalamic tract to reticular formation, thalamus –> cortex.

18
Q

Where is the termination of the sensory information

A

Somatosensory cortex of the postecentral gyrus
Sensory Homunculus: indicates which region of the cortex has the specific nerve ending,.

19
Q

What is rapidly adapting sensory receptors

A

Sensory receptors which stop firing after a while when they have a long and constant stimulus

20
Q

example of rapidly adapting sensory fibre

A

Mechanoreceptors

21
Q

What are slowly adapting fibres

A

They continue to be activated during while stimulus is present

22
Q

examples of slowly adapting nerve fibres

A

Nociceptors and Muscle spindles

23
Q

What activates Nociceptors

A

Low PH, Heat (via ASIC, TRPV1 etc.)
Local chemical mediators (bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandins.)

24
Q

What happens if theres activity in the mechanoreceptor fibres

A

activates inhibitory interneurons which release opiod peptides (endorphins), which inhibit transmitter release from Nociceptor fibres (closes gate)

25
Q

What can activate the inhibitory interneurons?

A

activity in the Aa/B fibres
Periaqueductal grey matter (PAG), Nucleus raphe magnus (NRM)

26
Q

What do PAG, and NRM do?

A

They are descending pathways which activate the same inhibitory interneuron closing the gate ofthe nociceptive neuron (A delta, C

27
Q

How do NSAIDs work

A

They inhibit cyclo-oxygenase which converts arachidonic acid to prostoglandins
Improve pain as well as associated inflammation.

28
Q

How do Local anaesthetics work?

A

They Block Na+ action potential: therefore all axonal transmission

29
Q

Types of pain managment

A

Local anaesthetics
Trans cutaneous electric nerve stimulation
Opiates
NSAIDs

30
Q

How does Transcutaneous nerve stimulation work

A

It flood the nervous system with a low voltage electrical current. this reduces the ability to transmit pain signal, and increases the production of endorphins to stop pain signals.

31
Q

How do opiates work

A

Reduce sensitivity of nociceptors
Activates descending inhibitory pathways
Blocks transmitter release in doral horn

Year 2 Neuro (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions