Sensory Processing

Question 1

our sensory system consists of ______ areas (_______ if you include interoception)

Answer 1

7 areas
8 including interoception

Question 2

the areas of our sensory system work in a __________ to regulate and make sense of sensory info

Answer 2

continuous feedback loop

Question 3

how does ayres describe sensory integration

Answer 3

the brains ability to organize sensory input for use in functional behaviors

Question 4

motor skills __________ develop independently of sensory experience perception

Answer 4

do not

Question 5

why is it vital for PTs to understand sensory processing and integration

Answer 5

to understand how it affects movement in order to achieve optimal outcomes for every area of practice

Question 6

sensory perceptions have connections with _____ and _______ which can cause ______

Answer 6

connections with emotion (limbic system) and the autonomic nervous system

can cause poor emotional regulation, stress, anxiety, and poor self-esteem

Question 7

difference between sensory- based interventions and sensory integration framework

Answer 7

sensory-based interventions: addresses individual deficits in system like a weighted vest

sensory integration: addressing stimuli/ improve ability to integrate sensory info across systems

Question 8

what are the three sensory processing disorders

Answer 8

sensory modulation
sensory- based motor
sensory discrimination

Question 9

what are the subcategories of sensory modulation disorder (SMD)

Answer 9

sensory over-responsivity (SOR)
sensory under-responsivity (SUR)
sensory seeking/ craving (SS)

Question 10

what are the subcategories of sensory-based motor disorder (SBMD)

Answer 10

dyspraxia
postural disorders

Question 11

what are the subcategories of sensory discrimination disorder (SDD)

Answer 11

visual
auditory
tactile
taste/smell
position/movement

Question 12

proprioception definition

Answer 12

info provided by joints and muscles
keep ppl oriented to body position in space

Question 13

is proprioception conscious or subconscious

Answer 13

both conscious (complex motor activity) and subconscious (basic postures)

Question 14

poor proprioception can lead to….(5)

Answer 14

clumsiness
posture difficulty
using too much/too little pressure
sensory-seeking behaviors (crashing, excessive roughness)
sensory avoiding behaviors

Question 15

functions of the vestibular system

Answer 15

tells you whether the body is moving/in what direction

operates within the ear

works with vision (vestibular ocular reflex)

generates muscle tone (vestibular spinal tract)

Question 16

difficulties in processing vestibular info can lead to…. (8)

Answer 16

low muscle tone
poor balance
improper reactions to movement
uncoordination
toe walking
decreased trunk rotation
lack of visual scanning
sedentary (avoidance of activities)

Question 17

what is responsible for the tactile ability to conform to objects and pressure

Answer 17

dorsal column medial leminiscal tract

Question 18

issues presented in children with poor tactile discrimination (3)

Answer 18

difficulty with fine motor skills including handwriting
avoidance of textures of food/clothing/surfaces
hypersensitive to unexpected touch

Question 19

regarding movement, vision influences….

Answer 19

hand-eye coordination
visual spatial orientation
visual motor skills

Question 20

vision has a role in developing

Answer 20

visual imagery and mental manipulation

Question 21

children with visual difficulties may……

Answer 21

be sensitive to sunlight
avoid visual attention
hesitate to go on stairs/playground equipment

Question 22

auditory processing difficulties may result in…

Answer 22

negative response to unexpected/loud noises
difficulty focusing with background noise
auditory inattentiveness
overstimulation

Question 23

children with auditory issues tend to….

Answer 23

pay attention to every noise and are unable to habituate

Question 24

the auditory system has connection with…..

Answer 24

the limbic system

Question 25

our olfactory receptors are directly connected to….

Answer 25

the limbic system (amygdala and hippocampus)

Question 26

system modulation continuum

Answer 26

failure to orient <——> homeostasis <——-> over orient

shutdown withdrawal <> lack attention <>habituate <> orient <> attend <>hyperfocus <> escalated <> approach/avoid <>fight/flight <> shutdown/ withdrawal

Question 27

what is on the failure to orient side of the sensory modulation continuum?

Answer 27

shutdown
lack attention
habituate

Question 28

what is on the over orientation side of the sensory modulation continuum?

Answer 28

shutdown
fight/flight
approach/avoid

Question 29

does dyspraxia equal motor skill or motor planning

Answer 29

motor planning

Question 30

t/f dyspraxia means motor skill

Answer 30

false

Question 31

t/f dyspraxia means motor planning

Answer 31

true

Question 32

motor planning definition

Answer 32

ideation, construction, and execution of movement

Question 33

a person can have _________ and still be dyspraxic

Answer 33

adequate neuromuscular or neuromotor function

Question 34

dyspraxia lies mainly in the ______

Answer 34

neural activity before motor execution

Question 35

postural disorder is characterized by

Answer 35

poor core strength and endurance

Question 36

postural disorder causes what issues in movement (3)

Answer 36

inefficient movements
poor balance
poor body awareness

Question 37

symptoms of postural disorder (4)

Answer 37

no internal motivation
poor bilateral coordination
poor ocular-motor ability
gravitational insecurity

Question 38

aging and sensory systems

Answer 38

decrease in individual sensory systems/processing
increase in multisensory processing