Sensory Perceptions

Question 1

Adaptation

Answer 1

adjustment of living with other living things and environmental conditions

Question 2

Arousal

Answer 2

condition in which the cortical area of the brain receives and responds appropriately to stimuli

Question 3

auditory

Answer 3

pertaining to hearing

Question 4

disturbed sensory perception

Answer 4

a state in which the individual or group experiences or is at risk for a change in the amount, pattern, or interpretation of incoming stimuli

Question 5

gustatory

Answer 5

pertaining to taste

Question 6

kinesthesia

Answer 6

awareness of positioning of body parts and body movement

Question 7

olfactory

Answer 7

pertaining to smell

Question 8

proprioception

Answer 8

description of the sense, usually at a subconscious level, of the movements and position of the body, especially its limbs, independent of vision

Question 9

reticular activating system (RAS)

Answer 9

network of neurons in the core of the brainstem, with ascending and descending tracts to other areas of the brain that monitor and regulate incoming sensory stimuli and level of arousal, extends from hypothalmus to medulla

Question 10

sensoristasis

Answer 10

arousal state of the reticular activating system; general drive state

Question 11

sensory deficit

Answer 11

impaired or absent functioning of one or more senses

Question 12

sensory deprivation

Answer 12

condition resulting from decreased sensory input or input that is monotonous, unpatterned, or meaningless

Question 13

sensory overload

Answer 13

condition resulting from excessive sensory input to which the brain is unable to meaningfully respond

Question 14

sensory perception

Answer 14

a state in which the individual or group experiences or is at risk for a change in the amount, pattern, or interpretation of incoming stimuli

Question 15

sensory poverty

Answer 15

condition that results when one learns about the world without experiencing it up close, right here, right now

Question 16

sensory reception

Answer 16

the process of receiving data about the internal or external environment through the senses

Question 17

stereognosis

Answer 17

the sense that perceives the solidity of objects, their size, shape, and texture

Question 18

stimulus

Answer 18

agent, act, or other influence capable of initiating a response by the nervous system

Question 19

tactile

Answer 19

pertaining to touch

Question 20

visceral

Answer 20

pertaining to inner organs

Question 21

Delirium

Answer 21

a conscious state, Disorientation, restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, agitation, alternating with other conscious states

Question 22

Dementia

Answer 22

a conscious state, Difficulties with spatial orientation, memory, language; changes in personality

Question 23

Confusion

Answer 23

a conscious state, Reduced awareness, easily distracted, easily startled by sensory stimuli, alternates between drowsiness and excitability; resembles minor form of delirium state

Question 24

Normal consciousness

Answer 24

a conscious state, Aware of self and external environment, well-oriented, responsive

Question 25

Somnolence

Answer 25

a conscious state, Extreme drowsiness, but will respond normally to stimuli

Question 26

Minimally conscious states

Answer 26

a conscious state, Part consciousness; sleep–wake cycles present; some motor function, including automatic movements; inconsistently follows commands

Question 27

Locked-in syndrome

Answer 27

a conscious state, Full consciousness; sleep–wake cycles present; quadriplegic, auditory and visual function preserved; emotion preserved

Question 28

Asleep

Answer 28

an unconscious state, Can be aroused by normal stimuli (light touch, sound, and the like)

Question 29

Stupor

Answer 29

an unconscious state, Can be aroused by extreme and/or repeated stimuli

Question 30

Coma

Answer 30

an unconscious state, Cannot be aroused and does not respond to stimuli (coma states can be further subdivided according to the effect on reflex responses to stimuli; see Glasgow Coma Scale

Question 31

Vegetative State

Answer 31

An unconscious state, Cannot be aroused. Sleep–wake cycles, postures or withdraws to noxious stimuli, occasional nonpurposeful movement, random smiling or grimacing.