Sensory Perception

Question 2

binocular cues

Answer 2

allow perception/sense of depth with two eyes operated by 2.5 inches (creating retinal disparity)- this gives humans an idea of depth

Question 3

convergence

Answer 3

also gives humans an idea of depth based on how much the eyeballs are turned

• when things are far away, they are relaxed
• when things are close, they are contracted

Question 4

monocular cues

Answer 4

visual cues that do not require two eyes (unlike convergence and binocular) that give humans a sense of form of th eobjecy t

Question 5

interposition (overlap)

Answer 5

is when two objects with one before the other, the front is perceived to be smaller

Question 6

relative height

Answer 6

higher objects are perceived to be farther away than closer objects

Question 7

shading and contour

Answer 7

allows us to perceive depths/contours

Question 8

what are the monocular cues

Answer 8

relative size, height, interposition, shading and contour, gives motion parallax, constancy

Question 9

relative size

Answer 9

he relative size (can be inferred with one eye- the closer an object, ithe larger it seems)

Question 10

motion parallax

Answer 10

when things that are farther away appear to move slower, given by monocular cues

Question 11

constancy

Answer 11

our perception of an object doesnt change even if the image cast on the retina is different e..g size shape colour constancy

Question 12

size constancy

Answer 12

one that appears larger because it is closer but we still know that it is the same size

Question 13

shape constnatncy

Answer 13

• a changing shape but still maintains the same shape perception e.g. opening door, we still know that it is a rectangle despite the shape change

Question 14

colour constnacy

Answer 14

changes in lighting but we stilll knoww that th eobject is the same colour

Question 15

sensory adaptation

Answer 15

change their sensitivity to simtuli .e.g hearing, touch , smell, proprioception, sight

Question 16

hearing adaptation

Answer 16

the inner ear muscle will contract in order to protect the ear drum when exposed to high noises for longer than a few seconds (takes a few seconds to kick in), so not applicable to things like gun shots

Question 17

touch adaptation

Answer 17

for ex when temperature receptors become desensitized over tim

Question 18

smell adaptation

Answer 18

when receptors in the nose become desensitized to smells over time

Question 19

proprioception**

Answer 19

0 sense of the position of the body in space e.g. with googles that flip everything upside down, eventually u would be able t o accommodate this and flip it back over to normal???

Question 20

sight

Answer 20

down or up regulation to light intensity

Question 21

down regulation to light intensity

Answer 21

when it is bright out pupils will constrict such that less light enters the eye, and the rods and cones become desnitized

Question 22

up regulation to light intenstiy

Answer 22

in the dark, the pupils will dilate and rods and cones start making light sensitive molecules

Question 23

weber’s law

Answer 23

The law states that the change in a stimulus that will be just noticeable is a constant ratio of the original stimulus.

Question 24

JND

Answer 24

just noticeable difference represents the threshold at which u are able to notice a change in any sensation

I = initial intensity of stimulus
Delta I = JND

Question 25

what is k in webers law

Answer 25

k = delta I / I

constant i.e. change must be l of initial intensity to be noticeable

Question 26

what is the realtnishp between incremental threshold and background intensity according to weber’s law

Answer 26

linear relationship (i.e. as background intensity gets bigger the incremental threshold/JND gets bigger for ex with the 2 vs 5 pounds)

Question 27

I = (websrs)

Answer 27

background intensity

Question 28

delta I = (webers)

Answer 28

incremental threshold

Question 29

absolute threshhold of sensation

Answer 29

minimum intensity of stimulus needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time