SENSORY INNERVATION OF THE HEAD AND NECK

Question 1

What nerve is responsible for the motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression ?

Answer 1

Branches of the Facial nerve ( C.N. VII)

Question 2

Facial nerve paralysis

Answer 2

Bell’s Palsy

Question 3

What structure provides sensory innervation to the face?

Answer 3

Branches of the Trigeminal nerve (C.N. V)

Question 4

What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve before emerging onto the face?

Answer 4

1. Opthalamic
2. Maxillary
3. Mandibular

Question 5

Nerve that distributes primarily to the face and scalp

Answer 5

Opthalamic Nerve

Question 6

Maxillary nerve

Answer 6

Distributes primarily to the cheek and the area lateral to the orbit.

Question 7

Nerve that distributes primarily to the chin and temporal region

Answer 7

Mandibular Nerve

Question 8

What are the branches of the Opthalamic Nerve?

Answer 8

Supraorbital, Supratrochlear, External Nasal, Infratrochlear and Lacrimal Nerves

Question 9

What are the branches of the Maxillary Nerve?

Answer 9

Zygomaticotemporal Nerve, Zygomaticofacial Nerve and the Infraorbital Nerve

Question 10

What is the clinical significance of Infraorbital Nerve?

Answer 10

Most frequently injured due to blows to the face.

Common with boxers.

Question 11

What are the branches of the Mandibular nerve?

Answer 11

Auriculotemporal nerve, Buccal nerve and the Mental nerve

Question 12

Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)

Answer 12

Condition characterized by sudden attacks of severe pain occurring in an area of sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve.
Occurs most commonly in the Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve.
Second most commonly found in the mandibular division.
Least commonly found in the opthalamic division.
Cause is unknown and this condition usually occurs unilaterally

Question 13

Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

Answer 13

Nucleus that extends down to C4 and is involved with pain reception from the face.

Question 14

What is the sensory distribution of the posterior (dorsal) primary rami of cervical nerves 2-4?

Answer 14

Posterior aspect of the neck and scalp

Question 15

Supplies the occipital region

Answer 15

Greater Occipital Nerve (posterior primary ramus of C2)

Question 16

Supplies the upper part of the back of the neck

Answer 16

Third Occipital Nerve (posterior primary ramus of C3)

Question 17

Supplies the lower part of the back of the neck

Answer 17

Posterior Primary Ramus of C4

Question 18

Which cranial nerve is strictly a motor nerve?

Answer 18

C1. It has no posterior root carrying sensory fibers.

Question 19

What is the sensory distribution of the anterior (ventral) primary rami of cervical nerves 2 to 4?

Answer 19

Anterior and lateral aspect of the neck

Question 20

What forms the cervical plexus?

Answer 20

The anterior primary rami of C1, C2, C3 and C4.

Question 21

C5, C6, C7 and C8 supply sensory innervation to?

Answer 21

The skin of the upper limb

Question 22

What are the sensory braches of the Cervical Plexus?

Answer 22

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2)
Great Auricular Nerve (C2, C3)
Transverse Cervical Nerve (C2, C3)
Supraclavicular Nerve (C3, C4)

Question 23

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2)

Answer 23

supplies the lateral part of the occipital region, posterior to the ear

Question 24

Great Auricular Nerve (C2, C3)

Answer 24

supplies the angle of the mandible and the area inferior to the ear. It accompanies the external jugular vein.

Question 25

Transverse Cervical Nerve (C2, C3)

Answer 25

Supplies the anterior surface of the neck (the throat)

Question 26

Supraclavicular Nerve (C3, C4)

Answer 26

supplies the lateral surface of the neck.

Question 27

What are the 3 subdivisions of the Supraclavicular Nerve?

Answer 27

(1) Medial Supraclavicular Nerve
(2) Intermediate Supraclavicular Nerve
(3) Lateral Supraclavicular Nerve

Question 28

What do the motor fibers going to the infrahyoid (strap) muscles arise from?

Answer 28

Ansa cervicalis

Question 29

What portion of the ansa cervicalis descends from the hypoglossal nerve to join the inferior root?

Answer 29

Superior root (C1, or C1 and C2)

Question 30

What portion of the ansa cervicalis descends from the cervical nerve branches to join the superior root?

Answer 30

Inferior root (C2 and C3)

Question 31

What muscles does the ansa cervicalis supply?

Answer 31

3 of the 4 infrahyoid muscles: sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and omohyoid

Question 32

The thyrohyoid receives its innervation from what nerve?

Answer 32

C1 fibers through the hypoglossal nerve

Question 33

Is the phrenic nerve considered part of the cervical plexus?

Answer 33

Usually, it originates from C3, C4 and C5.

Question 34

The phrenic nerve gives motor innervation to the __________.

Answer 34

diaphragm

Question 35

The phrenic nerve gives sensory innervation to ________________________.

Answer 35

some of the membranes of the thorax and abdomen

Question 36

Where is the phrenic nerve found? Where does it run?

Answer 36

in the neck lying on the anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle and runs vertically down the muscle into the thorax