Sensory impairment seminar Flashcards
senses
The Big 5 senses • Sight • Hearing • Smell • Touch • Taste But really up to 21 • Nociception • Equilibrioception • Chemoreception • Proprioception • Magnetoception
sensory impairment
When one or more of a person’s senses is no longer normal
A person does not have to have full loss of a sense to be sensory impaired
dentistry and sensory impairment impact
Sensory impaired patients want & need dental treatment like all of us
UK law requires that we accommodate patients with a disability as “far as reasonably practicable”
Sight & hearing impairment patients are most relevant to dentistry
You may end up treating sensory impaired patients…
judgement preconceptions
Instant unconscious judgement – be aware when see sensory impaired as will affect how you see them
Seeing people how they want to be seen
equal access for those who are sensory impaired
Those with sensory impairment often have:
- Low confidence
- Require support
In how they experience and interact with the environment around them
people with sensory disability
WANT TO
feel safe
have things to do
stay health
not have to deal with discriminations
people with sensory disability
ACHIEVE BY
feeling listened to
have a say in the support they are provided with
respected
services that response to their needs and wishes
people with sensory disability
results in
confidence
skills
mobility
what services are needed for people with a disability (5)
communication
accessing services
mobility
rehabilitation
accessibility and isolation
- should be able to do everything - walk, cycle, sport etc
HIGHLIGHTS BARRIERS
2 disabled groups that are often forgotten
older people
learning disabled
older people disability
Sensory impairments are not responded to
Major factor in falls
Dementia and sensory loss
learning disabled
10 x more likely to have a hearing impairment
new terminology for
partially sighted
sight impaired
new terminology for
blind
severely sight impaired
visual impairment prevalence
least 1 billion people have a near or distance vision impairment that could have been prevented or has yet to be addressed.
The majority of people with vision impairment and blindness are over the age of 50 years.
There are 1.2 million people living with sight loss who are aged 75 years and over:
- 1 in 9 people aged 60 years and over
- 1 in 5 people aged 75 years and over
- 1 in 2 people aged 90 years and over
Most live in developed countries
leading cause of vision impairment and blindness
uncorrected refractive errors and cataracts.
sight loss in UK
More than two million people are estimated to be living with sight loss in the UK today.
This sight loss is severe enough to have a significant impact on their daily lives
cost of eye health and sight loss in UK
Estimated cost of eye health and sight loss in the UK is estimated to be around £28 billion every year
The UK’s healthcare cost linked to eye health is estimated to be at least £3 billion every year
- It is predicted that by 2050 the number of people with sight loss in the UK will double to over four million
frequency of sight loss UK
Every day 250 people start to lose their sight in the UK.
- equivalent to one person every six minutes
One in five people will live with sight loss in their lifetime
is sight loss avoidable
yes
At least half of all cases of sight loss in the UK are avoidable
how can sight loss be amended
The majority of sight loss due to refractive error can be corrected by wearing the right prescription glasses.
Many forms of cataract are treatable.
If detected and treated early, some sight loss due to glaucoma, AMD and diabetic retinopathy could be avoided.
inequalities in vision impairment
People on low incomes:
- Prevalence of sight loss is associated with having a lower income .
Difficulty in getting to an optometrist and concerns about the cost of glasses can result in people not going for eye tests as often as they want, or delaying visits until they experience symptoms – forced
variation across countries
Proportion of vision impairment attributable to cataract is higher in low- and middle-income countries than high-income countries.
In high income countries, diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration are more common.
In low-income countries congenital cataract is a leading cause, whereas in middle-income countries it is more likely to be retinopathy of prematurity.
People from certain ethnic communities are at greater risk of some of the leading causes of sight loss yet many are unaware of this
- Black African and Caribbean people are four to eight times more at risk of developing certain forms of glaucoma compared to white people
- The risk of diabetic eye disease is around three times greater in South Asian people compared to white people
- Black African and Caribbean people are also at a higher risk of diabetic eye disease
visual impairment classification categories
Distance vision impairment:
Near vision impairment:
distance vision impairment divisions
Mild – presenting visual acuity worse than 6/12
Moderate – presenting visual acuity worse than 6/18
Severe – presenting visual acuity worse than 6/60
Blindness – presenting visual acuity worse than 3/60
near vision impairment
Presenting near visual acuity worse than N6 or M.08 with existing correction.
AMD
age related macular degeneration