Sensory And Motor Pathways Flashcards

1
Q

Special senses

A

Senses with receptors that are stimulate specific sensory organs.
This includes vision (eye), hearing(ear), smell (nose) and taste (tongue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Processes of sensation

A
  1. Stimulation: when something touches the receptor(a change in the environment)
  2. Transduction: converting one energy to the other
  3. Conduction: the action potential moves along the neuron(could be myelinated or unmyelinated)
  4. Translation: translates the impulse into a sensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Unencapsulated nerve endings

A

Bare dent rites of first-order sensory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Encapsulated nerve endings

A

Dentrites of first-order sensory neurons enclosed in a connective tissue capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensory receptor cells

A

Highly specialized separate cells that synapse with a first-order sensory neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

General senses

A

Senses with receptors spread throughout the body.

Provide information about touch, pressure, itch, vibration, temperature, proprioception and pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Exteroreceptor

A

Located at or near the body surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interoreceptor

A

Located in blood vessels, organs and the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Proprioreceptor

A

Tells us where we are

Located in muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mechanoreceptor

A

Detects mechanical stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Thermoreceptor

A

Detects changes in temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nociceptor

A

Responds to painful stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Photoreceptor

A

Detects light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chemoreceptor

A

Detects chemicals in the mouth, nose, and body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Osmoreceptor

A

Detects change in osmotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Somatic sensations

A

Come from stimulation of sensory receptor embedded in the skin

17
Q

Tactile sensations

A

Touch, pressure, vibration, itch, tickle

18
Q

Thermal sensations

A

Cold and warm

19
Q

Proprioceptive sensations

A

Kinesthesia and weight discrimination

20
Q

Somatic pain reception

A

Location: nearly every body tissue and respond to many stimuli: pressure, temperature
Pain receptors slowly adapt to the stimuli

21
Q

Somatic sensory pathways

A

Conduct sensory information from somatic receptors to the primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex

22
Q

Decussation

A

The pathways cross from one side of the CNS to the other at some point along their journey

23
Q

Relay

A

The pathways consist of a chain of 3 neurons.

24
Q

First order neuron

A

Conduct information from somatic sensory receptors to second order neurons.
Located in dorsal root ganglia

25
Q

Second order neurons

A

Type of inter neuron
Conduct sensory information from first order neurons to third order neurons.
Located in brain stem or spinal cord

26
Q

Third order neurons

A

Type of interneuron
Conduct sensory information from second order neuron to neurons making up primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex
Located in the thalamus

27
Q

Symmetry

A

All pathways are paired symmetrically with a member of the pair present on each side of the spinal cord and brain

28
Q

Features of somatic sensory pathway

A
  1. Decussation
  2. Relay
  3. Symmetry
  4. Somatotopy
29
Q

The Somatic Sensory Pathways

A

Medial lemniscus pathway
Spinothalamic pathway
Trigeminothalamic pathway

30
Q

Somatic motor pathway

A

Conduct motor information from cerebral cortex and brain stem to skeletal muscle

31
Q

Direct motor pathways

A

Convey muscles from the cerebral cortex that result in precise voluntary muscle movements

32
Q

The Direct Motor Pathways

A

Lateral corticospinal tract

Anterior corticospinal tract

33
Q

Corticobulbar tract

A

Promotes voluntary movements of the head and neck to coordinate precise voluntary movements
Includes: eyes, tongue, neck
Has 2 neurons