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3105 > sensory alterations > Flashcards

sensory alterations Flashcards

1
Q

the 5 senses

A

-sight (visual)
-hearing (auditory)
-touch (tactile)
-smell (olfactory)
-taste (gustatory)

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2
Q

sensory deficit

A

deficit in normal function of sensory reception or perception. -not able to perceive sensory stimuli

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3
Q

sensory deprivation

A

reduced sensory input
-acute care, nursing homes, no visitors, bed rest, restraints

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4
Q

sensory overload

A

stimuli at a rate and intensity beyond the person’s ability to process.
-very individualized
-parenting:how tired and emotionally drained.
-sick=sensory overload, agitated and restless.

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5
Q

reception

A

-sensory stimuli reach sensory organs
-appropriate function of sensory organs
-nervous system transmits information to the brain
-odor wafts to the nose, food touches the mouth

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6
Q

perception

A

-information must be interpreted in a meaningful way.
-do I like the taste?
-associate memories with smells.

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7
Q

reaction

A

-only the most important stimuli will elicit a response.
-how we respond to stimuli
-sometimes only the most important stimuli responds

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8
Q

types of sensory deficits

A

-presbyopia
-cataract
-glaucoma
-diabetic retinopathy
-macular degeneration

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9
Q

presbyopia

A

lens is unable to focus on close objects.
-readers, peepers.
-40 year olds

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10
Q

cataract

A

cloudy or opaque area of lens limits sight.
-gradual, no pain. no other s/s
-surgery

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11
Q

glaucoma

A

increase in intraocular pressure, peripheral vision loss.
-pressure on optic nerve.
-PERIPHERAL VISION LOSS

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12
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

damage to blood vessels and vision loss.
-increased sugar damages eye blood vessels

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13
Q

macular degeneration

A

retina loses function,
-progressive.
-CENTRAL VISION LOSS

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14
Q

presbycusis

A

progressive hearing loss in older adults. hearing aids

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15
Q

cerumen accumulation

A

earwax buildup

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16
Q

xerostomia

A

dry mouth from decreased saliva. often associated with medication effects

17
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

numbness and tingling in extremities. usually caused by diabetes but not always.

18
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

stroke. can impact the ability to interpret sensory stimuli. reception phase: interpret stimuli as meaningful stimuli.

19
Q

sensory deprivation

A

caused by reduced sensory input or restrictive environment.

20
Q

effects of sensory deprivation

A

-boredom, restlessness, anxiety, depression
-reduced ability to learn, disorientation
-changes in visual and motor coordination

21
Q

factors that influence sensory function

A

-age
-amount of stimuli
-environmental
-meaningful stimuli
-social interaction
-cultural

22
Q

assessment of sensory alterations

A

-subjective data collection (s/s, onset and duration, predisposing factors, effect on ADL, QOL)
-mental status and cognitive ability
-physical assessment (hearing and vision tests)
-environmental safety
-communication methods (electronic devices, closed captioning, sign language, receptive aphasia)
-assistive devices (glasses, white mobility cane, hearing aid)

23
Q

receptive aphasia

A

impaired perception of language

24
Q

planning for sensory alterations

A

-ability to communicate
-self care and ADLs
-correct use of assistive devices
-improvement in sensory ability

25
Q

health promotion implementation

A

-screening for infections during pregnancy
-immunizations/vaccines
-antibiotic opthalmic ointment at birth
-visual screenings for infants and children
-visual screening for persons with DM, HTN, and older adults
-OSHA guidelines and protective equipment

26
Q

visual screenings for infants and children

A

-congenital blindness
-strabismus
-refractive errors (astigmatism, nearsightedness)

27
Q

implementation for sensory alterations

A

-orient patients to their environment
-ensure assistive devices are available and in working condition
-ensure patients know how to locate necessary items in hospital room
-adapt communication
-promote meaningful stimulation
-quiet times in acute care settings
-healthy use of screens, screen time
-select appropriate clothing for touch deficits

28
Q

olfactory safety

A

-check expiration dates on food
-smoke detectors
-frequent visual checks when cooking

29
Q

tactile safety

A

-adjust water heater
-discourage use of heating pads

30
Q

vision safety

A

-stairs and depth perception
-lighting, day vs night
-driving
-large print labels on medications

31
Q

hearing safety

A

-doorbells, alarms. may need “light” notification instead
-amplified receiver for phone

3105 (4 decks)

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