Sensory (5,6,7)

Question 1

What are modalities of sensation?2

Answer 1

Primary and cortical

Question 2

What primary modalities consists of?2

Answer 2

Exteroreceptive sensation (superficial) and proprioreceptive sensation (deep)

Question 3

Exteroreceptive sensation. What tractus? what 3 sensations?

Answer 3

Tractus spinothalamicus.

Touch, pain, temperature

Question 4

Proprioreceptive sensation. What 2 fasciculi? what 3 sensations?

Answer 4

Fasciculus gracilic, fasciculus cuneatus (both in dorsal collumn of spinal cord)
Pressure, vibration, proprioreception

Question 5

Which part of the brains is responsible for cortical sensory function?

Answer 5

Parietal lobes

Question 6

Cortical sensory function. What sensations?4

Answer 6

Touch localization (topognosis), two point discrimination, stereognosis, spatial orientation

Question 7

What is stereognosis?

Answer 7

Ability to identify object in the hand by feeling them without visual control

Question 8

What is graphesthesia?

Answer 8

Ability to identify numbers and letters written on skin

Question 9

What is sensory pathway to spinal cord?

Answer 9

Sensory receptors –> peripheral nerve –> nerve plexus –> spinal nerve –> dorsal root

Question 10

In what sensory participates pseudounipolar neurons?

Answer 10

If makes synaptic contact with second neuron in dorsal horn –> superficial sensory
If ascends toward the brainstem nuclei –> deep sensory

Question 11

Tractus spinothalamicus eiga. (neuronai)

Answer 11

1st - dorsal root ganglion
2nd - dorsal root
3rd - thalamus

Question 12

How sensory info travels after reaches thalamus via spinothalamicus tract?

Answer 12

It goes to thalamocortical tract and goes to cortex (gyrus postcentralis lobus parietalis)

Question 13

Fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus eiga (neuronai)

Answer 13

1st - dorsal root ganglion
2nd - nucleus gracilis and cuneatus in brainstem
3rd thalamus

Question 14

How sensory info travels after reaches thalamus via gracilis and cuneatus?

Answer 14

It goes to thalamocortical tract and goes to cortex (gyrus postcentralis lobus parietalis)

Question 15

From where parietal lobes receive sensory input?

Answer 15

From primary sensory modalities

Question 16

Where in parietal lobes cortical sensory input is processed?

Answer 16

In sensory association cortical area

Question 17

PSS. What involves mononeuritic?

Answer 17

Peripheral or cranial nerve impairment

Question 18

PSS. What involves polyneuritic?

Answer 18

Multiple peripheral nerve impairment

Question 19

PSS. What involves posterior root and dorsal root ganglion? ,,RADICULAR”

Answer 19

Dorsal root impairment in specific dermatome

Question 20

What type of sensations are affected in radicular type?

Answer 20

All types of sensation in the appropriate dermatome

Question 21

Where is the damage in central sensory syndromes but peripheral sensory loss?

Answer 21

In spinal cord

Question 22

How is dissociated sensory loss in central sensory syndrome?

Answer 22

Segmental-dissociated type

Question 23

Which part of spinal cord is damaged in central sensory syndromes - dissociated sensory loss?

Answer 23

Dorsal horn (2nd neuron)

Question 24

What sensations are affected in central sensory syndrome - dissociated sensory loss?

Answer 24

Only superficial sensation in appropriated dermatome

Question 25

What sensories are affected in conductive central sensory syndromes?

Answer 25

One sided deep sensory loss - same side of lesion.

One sided superficial sensory loss - opposite side of lesion and 2 segments below

Question 26

Lesion on the left side of spinothalamic tract. Where sensory loss?

Answer 26

Superficial sensory loss on the opposite side two segments below.

Question 27

Lesion on the left side of gracilis and cuneatus. Where sensory loss?

Answer 27

Deep sensation on the same side right just below the lesion.

Question 28

Where crosses spinothalamicus?

Answer 28

It goes from the brain, crosses in the spinal cord at particular level (2nd neuron crosses) and goes at the distance of 2 segments.

Question 29

Where crosses gracilis and cuneatus?

Answer 29

In the brain stem

Question 30

What are 2 types of central sensory syndromes?

Answer 30

Alternating sensory loss and hemitype sensory loss

Question 31

Alternating sensory loss. Where is the lesion?

Answer 31

Lesion in the brainstem.

Question 32

Alternating sensory loss. What is affected? nucleus and tractus

Answer 32

N. trigeminus nuclei and sensory tracts

Question 33

Where are sensory disturbances in alternating sensory loss?

Answer 33

In one side of face and opposite side of the body.

Question 34

Hemitype sensory loss. Where is the lesion? 3

Answer 34

Cranial part of brainstem
thalamus
cerebral hemisphere

Question 35

Hemitype sensory loss. What is affected? 2 tractus

Answer 35

Tr. spinothalamicus and tr. thalamocorticalis

Question 36

Where are sensory disturbances in hemitype sensory loss?

Answer 36

In one side of the facer and the same side of the body