sensorimotor development mobility and stability Flashcards
prone position 5-6 months
shifts weight on forearms and reaches forward
bears weight and shifts weight on extended arms
legs are closer together and thighs roll inward toward natural alignment
hips are flat on surface
equilibrium reactions are present
prone position ages 0-2months
turns head side to side lifts head momentarily bends hips with bottom in air lifts head and sustains in midline rotates head freely when up able to bear weight on forearms able to tuck chin and gaze at hands in forearm prop attempts to shift weight on forearms, resulting in shoulder collapse
prone position- 5-8 months
airplane posturing in prone position, chest and thighs lift off surface
prone position 7-8 months
pivots in prone position, moves in prone position to sit
prone position 9 months
begins to dislike prone position
supine position 0-3 months
head held to one side, able to turn head to side to side
supine 3-4 months
holds head in midline, chin is tucked and neck lengthens in back, legs come together, lower back flattens against the floor
4-5 supine position
head lag is gone when pulled to sitting position, hands are together in space
5-6 months supine position
lifts head independently, brings feet to mouth, brings hands to feet, able to reach to toy with one or both hands, hands are predominantly open
7-8 months supine position
equilibrium reactions are present
rolling position 3-4 months
rolls from prone position to side accidentally because of poor control of weight shift, rolls from supine position to side
rolling position 5-6 months
rolls from prone to supine position, rolls from supine position to side with right and left leg performing independent movements, rolls with supine and prone position with right and left leg performing independent movements
rolling position 6-14 months
rolls segmentally with roll initiated by the head, shoulder, or hips
creeping position 7 months
crawls forward on belly
creeping 7-10 months
reciprocal creep
creeping 10-11 months
creeps on hand and feet
creeping 11-12 months
creeps well
sitting 0-3 months
head bobs in sitting, back is rounded, hips are apart, turned out and bent, head is steady, chin tucks, able to gaze at floor, sit with less support, hips are bent and shoulders are in front of hips
5-6 months sitting
sits alone momentarily, increased extension in back, sits by propping forward on arms, wide base, leg are bent, periodic use of “high guard” position, protective responses present when falling to the front
5-10 months sitting
sits alone steadily, initially with wide base of support, able to play with toys in sitting position
6-11 months sitting
gets to sitting position from prone position
7-8 months sitting
equilibrium reactions are present, able to rotate upper body while lower body remains stationary, protective responses are present when falling to the side
8-10 months sitting
sits well without support, legs are closer, full upright position, knees straight, increased variety of sitting positions, including “w” sit and side and sit, difficult fine motor tasks may prompt return to wide base of support
9-18 months sitting
rises from supine position by first rolling over to stomach then pushing up into four point position
10-12 months sitting
protective extension backwards, first with bent elbows then straight elbows, able to move in and out of sitting position into other positions
11-12 months sitting
trunk control and equilibrium responses are fully developed in sitting position, further increase in variety of positions possible.
11-24 months+ sitting
rises from supine by first rolling to side then pushing up into sitting position
0-3 months standing
when held in standing position, takes some weight on legs
2-3 months standing
when held in standing position, legs may give way
3-4 months standing
bears some weight on leg, but must be held proximally, head is up in midline, no chin tuck, pelvis and hips are behind shoulders, legs are apart and turned outward
5-10 months standing
stands while holding onto furniture
5-6 months standing
increased capability to bear weight, decreased support needed, may be held by arms or hands, legs are still spread apart and turned outward, bounces in standing position
6-12 months standing position
pulls to standing position at furniture
8-9 months standing
rotates trunk and lower extremities, lower extremities are more active in pulling to a standing position, pulls to a standing position by kneeling, then half kneeling
9-13 months standing
pulls to standing position with legs only, no longer needs arms, stands alone momentarily
12 months standing
equilibrium reactions are present in standing
8 months walking
cruises sideways
8-18 months walking
walks with 2 hands held
9-10 months walking
cruises around furniture, turning slightly in intended direction
9-17 months walking
takes independent steps, falls easily
10-14 months walking
walking, stoops and recovers in play
11 months walking
walks with one hand held, reaches out for furniture out of reach when cruising, cruises in either direction, no hesitation
15 months walking
able to start and stop in walking
18 months- walking
seldom falls, runs stiffly with eyes on ground
0-1 months release
no release, grasp reflex is strong
1-4 months release
involuntary release
4 months- release
mutual fingering in midline
4-8 months
transfers object from hand to hand
5-6 months
two stage transfer, taking hand grasps before releasing hand lets go
6-7 months release
one stage transfer, taking hand and releasing hand perform actions simultaneously
7-9 months release
volitional release
7-10 months release
presses down on surface to release
8 months release
releases above a surface with wrist flexion
9 months release
releases into a container with wrist straight
10-14 months release
clumsy release into small container, hand rests on edge of container
12-15 months release
precise, controlled release into small container with wrist extended
