Sensori-Motor Impairments After Stroke (Week 2)

Question 1

Increased tone can be due to

Answer 1

Contracture, spasticity or excessive muscle activity

Question 2

Secondary impairments following stroke may include

Answer 2

Loss of fitness
Shoulder pain and subluxation
Learned non use
Swelling 
Loss of fitness

Question 3

Negative impairments may include

Answer 3

Loss of strength, sensation or coordination

Question 4

Which impairments have the greatest impact on activity?

Answer 4

Negative. (Strength has the stronget association with activity limitations)
In the 70s and 80s - emerged that movement problems due to weakness of agonist muscle rather than excess antagonist activity. Reduction of spasticity does not improve activity

Question 5

TARDIEU SCALE 0

Answer 5

No resistance throughout passive movement

Question 6

TARDIEU SCALE 1

Answer 6

Slight resistance throughout with no clear catch at a precise angle

Question 7

TARDIEU SCALE 2

Answer 7

Clear catch at a precise angle followed by release

Question 8

TARDIEU SCALE 3

Answer 8

Fatigable clonus (

Question 9

TARDIEU SCALE 4

Answer 9

Unfatigable clonus (>10 secs)

Question 10

TARDIEU SCALE 5

Answer 10

Joint immobile

Question 11

Tardieu scale description

Answer 11

Measures velocity dependent. Limb moved ast 3 speeds - V1, V2, V3

Question 12

Strengthening very weak muscles – active
exercise
• How to elicit movement

Answer 12

– Eliminate gravity
– Eliminate friction
– Different parts of range
– Eccentric/isometric/concentric contractions
– Shorten/ minimise impact of the lever arm
– Reduce degrees of freedom

Question 13

Loss of coordination after stroke is due to

Answer 13

Loss of UMN

Question 14

Characteristics of loss of co-ordination after

stroke

Answer 14

• Loss of spatial accuracy
• Loss of temporal accuracy
• Jerky movement trajectories
• Excessive muscle activity/ co-contraction