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The Body Systems > Sense Organs > Flashcards

Sense Organs Flashcards

1
Q

Accommodation

A

The ability of the eye to change its focus from distant near objects.

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2
Q

Anterior chamber

A

Area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris. It contains aqueous humor. 

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3
Q

Aqueous humour

A

Fluid produced by the celery body and found in the anterior chamber. Gives the eye it’s shape and nourishes the cornea and lens by supplying nutrition.

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4
Q

Biconvex

A

Consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly like part of a sphere. The lens of the eye is a biconvex body.

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5
Q

Choriod

A

Thin layer of tissue that is part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye, between the sclera and the retina. Filled with blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the eye. 

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6
Q

Ciliary body 

A

A part of the middle layer of the wall of the eye found behind the iris and includes the ring shaped muscle that changes the shape of the lens when the eye focusses. Makes clear fluid that feels the space between the cornea and iris.

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7
Q

Cone

A

Photo receptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy energy into nerve impulse. Responsible for colour and central vision.

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8
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball up to the cornea

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9
Q

Cornea

A

Fibrous, transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball

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10
Q

Fovea centralis

A

Tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision

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11
Q

Fundus of the eye

A

Posterior inner part of the eye, visualized with an ophthalmoscope 

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12
Q

Iris

A

Pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye

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13
Q

Lens

A

Transparent by convex body behind the pupil of the eye. light raise to bring them into focus on the retina

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14
Q

Macula

A

 Small oval region on the retina near the optic disc, contains the fovea centralis, which is the areas clearest vision 

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15
Q

Optic chiasm

A

Point on which optic nerve fibres cross in the brain

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16
Q

Optic disc

A

Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina. It is the blind spot of the eye because it only contains nerve fibers, no rods or cones, and is thus insensitive to light.

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17
Q

Optic nerve

A

Cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain

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18
Q

Pupil

A

Central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris through which light rays pass. It appears dark.

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19
Q

Refraction

A

Bending of light raised by the cornea lens and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina.

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20
Q

Retina

A

Light sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photo receptor cells. Rods and cones.

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21
Q

Rod

A

Photo receptor cell of the retina, essential for vision and low light and peripheral vision

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22
Q

Sclera

A

Tough white outer coat of the eyeball

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23
Q

Thalamus

A

Relay centre of the brain. Optic nerve fibres pass through the thalamus on their way to the cerebral cortex. 

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24
Q

Vitreous humour

A

Soft jelly like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber helps, maintain the shape of the eyeball

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25
Q

Aque/o

A

Water

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26
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

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27
Q

Conjunctiv/o

A

Conjunctiva, pink eye
When blood vessels dilate

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28
Q

Cor/o

A

Pupil

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29
Q

Cycl/o

A

Ciliary body or muscle of the eye

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30
Q

Dacry/o

A

Tears, tear duct

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31
Q

Ir/o, irid/o

A

Iris

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32
Q

Kerat/o

A

Cornea (keratitis )

33
Q

Lacrim/o

A

Tears

34
Q

Ocul/o

A

Eye

35
Q

Ophthalm/o

A

Eye

36
Q

Opt/o, optic/o

A

Eye, vision

37
Q

Palpebr/o

A

Eyelid

38
Q

Papill/o

A

Optic disc 

39
Q

Phac/o, phak/o

A

Lens of the eye

40
Q

Pupill/o

A

Pupil

41
Q

Scler/o

A

Sclera (white of the eye )

42
Q

Uve/o

A

Uvea ; vascular layer of the eye. iris, ciliary body and choroid 

43
Q

Vitre/o

A

Glassy

44
Q

Ambly/o

A

Dull, dim

45
Q

Ambly/o

A

Dull, dim

46
Q

Dipl/o

A

Double

47
Q

Dipl/o

A

Double

48
Q

Glauc/o

A

Gray

49
Q

Mi/o

A

Smaller, less

50
Q

Mydr/o

A

Widen, enlarge

51
Q

Nyct/o

A

Night

52
Q

Phot/o

A

Light

53
Q

Presby/o

A

Old age

54
Q

Scot/o

A

Darkness

55
Q

Xer/o

A

Dry

56
Q

-opia

A

Vision

57
Q

-opsia

A

Vision

58
Q

-tropia

A

To turn

59
Q

Astigmatism

A

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye.

60
Q

Hyperopia. (Hypermetropia)

A

Farsightedness.

61
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness 

62
Q

Metic

A

A drug that contracts the pupil

63
Q

Presbyopia

A

Impairment of vision as a result of old age 

64
Q

Cataract

A

Clouding of the lens, causing decreased division. A type of degenerative eye disease. 

65
Q

Chalazion

A

Small, hard cystic mass on the eyelid. formed as a result of chronic inflammation of a sebaceous gland along the margin of the eyelid

66
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

Disease of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus 

67
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision 

68
Q

Trabeculoplasty

A

Laser therapy for chronic Open angle, Glockoma

69
Q

Trabecul/o

A

Small beam, rod, or plank of wood

70
Q

Chalazion

A

Granuloma formed around an inflamed sebaceous gland

71
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

Blockage inflammation, and infection of a nasolacrimal duct and lacrimal sack, causing redness and swelling in the region between the nose and lower lid 

72
Q

Ectropion

A

Outward sagging and eversion of the eyelid leading to improper lacrimation and corneal drying  and ulceration

73
Q

Entropion

A

Inversion of the eyelid, causing the lashes to rub against the eye. Corneal abrasion may result.

74
Q

Hordeolum (stye)

A

Small superficial white nodule along lid margin due to infection of a sebaceous gland 

75
Q

Ptosis

A

Drooping of upper lid margin from neuromuscular problems, or trauma

76
Q

Xanthelasma

A

Raised yellowish plaque on eyelid caused by lipid disorder

77
Q

Hordeolum (stye)

A

Localized, purulent, inflammatory, staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous oil producing gland in the eyelid

78
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Progressive damage to the macula of the retina.

The Body Systems (6 decks)

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