Sense of proportion

Question 1

Vitruvian

Answer 1

In proportion

Question 2

Gigantism

Answer 2

Tumour in the pituitary gland produces extra growth hormone results in increased proportionate growth

Question 3

Growth hormone

Answer 3

Has an indirect effect on size by stimulating local tissues like the liver to produce Insulin like growth factors 1 and 2

Question 4

Zvi Laron syndrome

Answer 4

Occurs when a person cant make or cant respond via receptors to growth hormone

reduced growth that is vitruvian in proportion

Question 5

Rate of growth is indirectly proportionate to size

Answer 5

Rate is greatest when limbs are small as there is a short diffusion length so a strong growth signal

Question 6

Limb growth requires

Answer 6

A high demand of oxygen and nutrients - so vasculature needs to grow quickly

Question 7

Thalidomide

Answer 7

A vascular inhibitor - which causes phocomelia

Question 8

Phocomelia

Answer 8

Causes sealed limb - where limbs are underdeveloped while the rest of the body develops normally

Question 9

A contra plasma

Answer 9

Normal body and head size but short limbs

Due to activating mutations in FGF receptor 3 which causes a reduction in chondrocyte proliferation

Question 10

FGF receptor 3 function

Answer 10

When ligand FGF binds the proliferation of chondrocytes which make cartilage

Prevents excessive limb growth

Question 11

Skin grows

Answer 11

In response to tension