Sensation, Perception, Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the central and the ________ nervous systems.

A

peripheral

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2
Q

The central nervous system is made up of

A

the brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

The somatic nervous system is a component of the ___________ nervous system.

A

peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

You come home one night to find a burglar in your house. Your heart starts racing and you begin to perspire. These physical “fight-or-flight” reactions are triggered by the:

A

Sympathetic nervous system controls your “fight-or-flight” response. Danger or stress activates your sympathetic nervous system, which can cause several things to happen in your body.

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5
Q

The motor cortex is located within the _________ lobe whereas the sensory cortex is located in the _________ lobe.

A

frontal and parietal

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6
Q

The axons of certain neurons are covered by a layer of fatty tissue that helps speed neural transmission. This tissue is:

A

myelin sheath

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7
Q

The chemical messengers released into the spatial junctions between neurons are called:

A

neurotransmitters

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8
Q

Reuptake refers to the:

A

reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter molecules by a sending neuron

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9
Q

A drug that mimics the effects of a particular neurotransmitter is called a(n):

A

opiate

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10
Q

Who would have been most likely to claim that a slight protrusion in a certain region of someone’s skull indicated that the individual had an optimistic personality?

A

Franz Gall

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11
Q

Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n):

A

lesion

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12
Q

Which technique is most useful for seeing which regions of the brain are most active while a person performs a mental activity (e.g., reads a poem)?

A

PET

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13
Q

Perception is the process by which:

A

sensory input is selected, organized, and interpreted

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14
Q

The minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time is called the:

A

absolute threshold

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15
Q

In one experiment, most of the participants who viewed a videotape of men tossing a basketball remained unaware of an umbrella-toting woman sauntering across the screen. This illustrated:

A

inattentional blindness

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16
Q

Humans experience the longest visible electromagnetic waves as the color ________ and the shortest visible waves as ________.

A

red; blue-violet

17
Q

Brightness is to intensity as hue is to:

A

wavelength

18
Q

Accommodation refers to the:

A

process by which the lens changes shape in order to focus images on the retina

19
Q

The eye’s “blind spot” is related to:

A

An area without receptor cells where the optic nerve leaves the eye

20
Q

If images of distant objects are typically focused at a point in front of the retina, a person will:

A

have unusually good visual acuity

21
Q

Which of the following is true regarding cone-shaped and rod-shaped visual receptors in the eyes?

A

cones are highly sensitive to color

22
Q

Evidence that some cones are especially sensitive to red light, others to green light, and still others to blue light is most directly supportive of the ________ theory.

A

Young- Helmholtz