Sensation and Perception Flashcards
Sensation
Transduction, conversion of physical, electromagnetic, and auditory information
Perception
Processing of sensory info to make sense of it
Ganglia
collections of neuron cell bodies found outside the CNS
Threshold
minimum amount of stimulus that renders difference in perception
Absolute Threshold
minimum of stimulus energy that is needed to activate a sensory system
Subliminal Perception
Perception of a stimulus below the given threshold
Difference threshold/ Just noticeable difference (jnd)
minimum difference in magnitude between two stimuli before once can perceive this difference
Weber’s Law
There is constant ratio between change in stimulus magnitude needed to produce just noticeable difference (jnd) and magnitude of original stimulus
Sets of blood vessels that supplu nutrients to the eye
- Choroidal vessels
- Retinal vessels
Eyes Structure
Retina
- converts incoming photons of light to electrical signals
- contains about 6 million cones (color vision, fine details) and 120 million rods (contain rhodopsin, dark vision)
Fovea
contains only cones
Amacrine and horizontal cells
- Receive input from retinal cells before info passed on to ganglion cells
- accentuate slight differences
- edge detection
Parallel processing
Ability to simultaneously analyze and combine information regarding color, shape and motion
Iris
- composed of two muscles: dilator pupillae and constrictor pupillae
- colored
Lens
behind iris, helps control refraction of incoming light
Parvocellular cells
- detect shape
- have high spatial resolution
- have low temporal resolution
Magnocellular cells
- detect motion
- high temporal resolution
Pinna/ Auricle
- cartilaginous outer part
- channels sound waves to external auditory canal
Ossicles
- Three smallest bones in the body
- malleus
- incus
- stapes
- located in middle ear
Eustachian Tube
Connects the middle ear to the nasal cavity
Inner Ear
- sits within bony labyrinth
- contains cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals
- filled with membranous labyrinth
- bathed with K rich fluid endolymph
- filled with membranous labyrinth
