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Bob > Sensation > Flashcards

Sensation Flashcards

1
Q

Pessimistic Explanatory style

A

tendency to have a negative outlook on life

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2
Q

Sensation

A

Process of receiving and representing stimulus energies

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3
Q

Perception

A

Process of organizing and interpreting sensory info

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4
Q

Bottom up Processing

A

Analysis that starts with the sense of receptors and works up the brain ( react the same)

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5
Q

Top Down processing

A

Using Prior Knowledge to interpret stimuli

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6
Q

Selective Attention

A

Focusing on one stimulus while ignoring others ( can’t focus on all)

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7
Q

Multi-tasking

A

Consciously paying attention to multiple tasks

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8
Q

Cocktail Party Phenomenon

A

selective attention to one voice in a crowd

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9
Q

Inattentional Blindness

A

Failing to see objects when attention is focused elsewhere

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10
Q

Change Blindness

A

Not noticing changes in an object after attention is briefly diverted

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11
Q

Peripheral Vision

A

To see objects as they come into the outer edges of the visual field

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12
Q

Psychophysics

A

Study of the relationship between physical characteristics or stimuli and human perception

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13
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

Minimum stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time

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14
Q

Signal Detection Theory

A

Predicts how and when we detect faint stimuli based on experience,expectations and motivation( other may not notice)

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15
Q

Subliminal

A

Brief audio/visual messages presented below the absolute threshold for conscious awareness

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16
Q

Difference Threshold

A

Minimum difference between two stimuli that is noticeable( can detect 50% of the time)

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17
Q

Weber’s Law

A

Perception of difference between two stimuli they must differ by a constant proportion

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18
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

Diminished sensitivity to constant stimulation ( getting used to it)

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19
Q

Stroop Effect

A

Difficulty processing info where there are competing stimuli

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20
Q

Wavelength

A

Distance between wave peaks

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21
Q

Transduction

A

Conversion of one form of energy to another
(everyone sees color differently)

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22
Q

Hue

A

Color determined by wavelength

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23
Q

Intensity

A

Amount of energy in a wave, determines brightness or loudness

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24
Q

Cornea

A

transparent Tissue covering the front eye

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25
Q

Pupil

A

Adjustable opening in the center of the eye

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26
Q

Iris

A

Colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil

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27
Q

Lens

A

Transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina

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28
Q

Retina

A

inner surface of the eye that contains rods and cones

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29
Q

Acuity

A

Sharpness of vision

30
Q

Nearsightedness

A

Ability to see nearby objects more clearly than distant objects

31
Q

Farsightedness

A

Ability to see distant objects more clearly than nearby objects

32
Q

Cones

A

Retinal receptors detect color/detail in daylight or well-lit conditions

33
Q

Rods

A

Retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray in peripheral and low light conditions

34
Q

Fovea

A

Central focal point in the retina where cones are concentrated

35
Q

Optic nerve

A

nerve the carries visual info from the eye to brain

36
Q

Blind spot

A

Point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye

37
Q

Feature Detectors

A

Nerve cell in brain that responds to specific features of a stimulus ( shape, angles, movement)

38
Q

Visual stabilization

A

Putting all visual responds pieces together

39
Q

Parallel processing

A

Simultaneous processing of several dimensions, through multiple pathways ( colors, motion, depth)

40
Q

Color

A

Energy (reflection of energy)

41
Q

Trichromatic Theory

A

Theory of color vision the proposes there types of cones: red, blue and green

42
Q

Colorblindness

A

Happens when all or some cones do not function properly

43
Q

Color constancy

A

Familiar object having consistent color, but due to shadows it looks like a different color

44
Q

Audition

A

Sense/act of hearing

45
Q

Sound waves

A

pattern of disturbance caused by, movement of energy traveling through a medium

46
Q

Frequency

A

Number of complete wavelengths

47
Q

Pitch

A

Tones highness or lowness

48
Q

Decibels

A

Measurement of sounds energy ( how loud)

49
Q

Auditory canal( outer ear)

A

Where sound waves pass through to reach eardrum by vibrations

50
Q

Eardrum (outer ear)

A

Marks stat of middle ear

51
Q

Middle ear

A

Air-filled cavity( as a piston) pushes/vibrates against cochlea (3 bones, Hammer, anvil, stirrup)

52
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

Hearing loss caused by problem of outer or middle ear

53
Q

Cochlea( inner ear)

A

Bony Tube that contains fluids/neurons ( moves around)

54
Q

Hair cell receptors (inner ear)

A

Specialized cells that respond when distorted by movement, sent to brain

55
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss ( inner ear)

A

hearing loss caused by the damage of cochlea’s receptor cell or audio cells

56
Q

Place Theory

A

Theory links pitch we hear with the place where cochlea’s membrane is simulated ( which place are stimuli that make the sounds )

57
Q

Frequency theory

A

Theory that rate of nerve impulse traveling up the auditory nerve matches frequency of tone( Sense pf pitch)

58
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Filled with fluid, hair cells, bent when movement happens

59
Q

Vestibular sense

A

Balance

60
Q

Locating sound

A

Sources of sounds are located when ears work together( stereo)

61
Q

Four Distinct skin senses

A

Pressure, warmth, cold, pain

62
Q

Good news(pain)

A

Body is telling you something is wrong

63
Q

Phantom Limb

A

Feeling a limb that isn’t there

64
Q

Pain and memory

A

We remember events more clearly when pain was involved

65
Q

Gate Control Theory

A

Spinal cord contains a neurological ‘gate’ blocks pain signals/ allows them to pass on to the brain

66
Q

Four basic taste senses

A

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter

67
Q

Sensory interaction

A

Principle that one sense effect another ( sight+ sound)

68
Q

Synesthesia

A

Production pf sense impression relating to one sense/part of body by stimulation of another sense (sense’s don’t stay in lane)

69
Q

Olfaction

A

Chemical sense of smell ( blue jello smell)

70
Q

Memory

A

Linked to smell( often stronger/ more vivid early memories)

71
Q

Pheromones

A

Chemical signals sent out by animals that allows them to communicate( bees pollinate)

72
Q

Kinesthesis

A

Sense of body movement and position from receptors ( control 200 muscles)

Bob (2 decks)

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