Perception & Stress Flashcards
Perceptual Organization
Way brain takes info and organizes in a way that makes senses based on pervious experiences
Gestalt
To integrate pieces of info into meaningful whole
visual Capture
Dominance of vision over other sense
Figure and ground
Organization of visual filed into objects( figures) that standout from surroundings (ground) ( one person see bunny, another see bird)
Gestalt grouping principals
perceptual tendency yo organizes stimuli into coherent groups
Proximity
Group nearby figures together
Similarity
Group figures that are similar
Continuity
Perceive conations patterns
Closure
Fill in gaps
Connectedness (continuation)
Spots, lines and areas are seen as unit when connected
Depth Perception
Ability to see objects in 3-D allows us to judge short and long distance
Visual Cliff
By the time a child(small animal) are mobile, they learn depth perception
Binocular cues
Cues in which both eyes are needed to determine the depth of a object
Retinal disparity
Images from two eyes differ, closer the object the lager the disparity
Convergence
Two eyes move inward for near objects (changing what right/left eye see back and forwth)
Monocular cue
used to help determine the relative depth of one or more 2-D objects
Relative size
Assumption that smaller image is more distant (smaller=further)
Interposition
Closer objects blocks the more distant object
Relative clarity
The more focus objects is to eye without accommodation, assumption is is close (BOB ROSS)
Texture gradient
More texture/detail can be see, the closer the object is
Relative height/size
When we assume two items are same size, higher object is perceived as more distant
Linear perspective
Parallel lines converge with distance
Perceptual Constancy
Perceiving objects as unchanging despite change in retinal image (size, color, shape)
Ames Room
Trust what we believe/see to be true
Moon room
At the horizon the moon looks bigger, but small in the sky. It is because there is stuff in front of the moon
Perception of direction
When proper clues are not given, brain has to fill in gaps
perception of motion
when looking at motion in 2-d object, there are few cues to depend on
Relative motion (motion parallax)
result of linear perspective
Phi phenomenon
Optical illusion of perceiving continuous motion
Perceptual interpretation
Sensory deprivation
Blackmore and cooper experiment
Kittens lived in mostly darkness only see either in horizontal and vertical light
Perceptual adaptation
Ability to adjust to artificially displaced visual field (glasses)
Perception of time
Few distractions, time seems to slow down because more of the brain is being used to process it
Perceptual Set
Psychological factors that determine how you perceive your environment ( partner is perfect)
Conspiracies
what to focus on what supports our opinion
Context effect
What you were expecting to experience may impact what you experiment
Self-fulfilling prophecy
what we think others are expecting of us
(Perception without sensation) Parapsychology
Study of paranormal phenomena
(Perception without sensation ) Extrasensory perception(ESP)
Controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input
Telepathy
Reading minds
Clairvoyance
Procevinging events are happening
Precognition
Procevinging event will happen
Barnum Effect
Con artist
Stress
Cognitive model of stress
Appraisal
Cognitive therapy
Distress( Negative)
Eustress(positive)
General Adaption syndrome(GAS)
Alarm
“Fight”
“Flight”
Resistance
Adrenaline(epinephrine)
Glucocorticoid(cortisol)
Evolutionary explanation
Exhaustion
Burnout
Perception of control
Perception lack of control
Laude slager & reite rat study
Catastrophes
Life changes
Social readjustment rating scale
Approach-approach
Avoidance-avoidance
Double Approach-avoidance
paradox of choice
fear of missing out
