Seneca/ Multi Flashcards
Gross weight
4200 lbs
Vr
Rotation speed
Vmc +5
85 mph
Vy
Best rate of climb
105 mph
Vs
76 mph
Vx
90 mph
Va
@4200 lbs
@3000 lbs
@4200: 146 mph
@3000: 123 mph
Vg
91 mph
Vso
69 mph
Vmc
80 mph
Vfe
10 degrees flaps
25-40 degrees flaps
160 mph (10 degrees)
125 Mph (25-40 degrees)
Vlo
Gear retract speed
125 mph
Vle
Gear extension speed
150 mph
Vno
190 mph
Vne
217 mph
Vsse
90 mph
Vxse
90 mph
Vyse
105 mph
Max demonstrated xwind
15 mph
Fuel capacity
98 gal total
93 gal usable
Oil capacity
8 qts max
2 qts min
Tire pressure
31 psi nose
50 psi mains
Useful load
1334 lbs
Define Vmc
Vmc is the calibrated airspeed at which, when the critical engine is suddenly made inoperative, it is possible to maintain control of the airplane with that engine still inoperative, and thereafter maintain straight flight at the same speed with an angle bank of not more than 5°. The method used to simulate critical engine failure must represent the most critical mode of power plant failure expected in service with respect to controllability.
Which FAR defines Vmc?
FAR 23.419(a)
What are two benefits of banking 3 to 5° towards the inop engine?
1) Lift vector is directed opposite of the yaw induced by the engine failure, aiding directional control
2) which as a result, reduces the amount of rudder required, which in turn reduces the side slip angle
Pre-maneuver checklist
1) Clearing turns
2) Radio call
3) High enough
4) Emergency landing locations
5) mixture best power
Why is directional control affected by airspeed?
The faster the airspeed the more force the rudder can produce to resist the yawing tendency caused by asymmetrical thrust.
How does the governor achieve low RPM when prop is set for it?
The adjuster worm lessens tension on the speeder spring which then lifts the pilot valve, blocking high pressure oil from the boost pump and allowing oil in the prop hub to be forced back to the sump by nitrogen and spring pressure.
How does the anti-feather lock prevent feathering during shutdown and allow it during flight?
The anti-feather locks disengage above 800 RPM due to centrifugal force which allows the prop to feather if the engine RPM suddenly drops, but there is not enough boosted oil during start-up and shut-down to disengage anti-feather locks
How does propeller pitch change at low or high RPM?
Low RPM = high pitch
High RPM = low pitch
Describe the feathering process mechanically.
Moving prop control to feather raises lift plate into locked position, which raises and holds pilot valve to block incoming boosted oil while allowing the spring and nitrogen in the prop hub to push oil back to the sump. Nitrogen pressure also pushes prop blades to feather with help of prop-counterweights.
What is the range of nitrogen pressure in the prop hub?
72-86 PSI
Engine secure checklist
MIXTURE OFF FUEL SELECTOR OFF FUEL PUMP OFF MAGNETOS OFF ALTERNATOR OFF COWL FLAP CLOSED ELECTRICAL LOAD MONITOR AIRSPEED BLUELINE OR ABOVE
Engine restart
FUEL SELECTOR ON THROTTLE 1/4" FUEL PUMP OFF AIRSPEED 105 mph PROP CRUISE RPM MIXTURE RICH (or MID +5000') MAGNETOS BOTH ON STARTER ENGAGE WARM UP ENGINE 16"HG, 2200 RPM ALTERNATOR ON FUEL PUMP VERIFY OFF OIL PRESSURE CHECK OIL TEMP CHECK COWL FLAP AS REQUIRED
Over voltage both checklist
TURN OFF ALL ELECTRICAL LOAD EXCEPT MASTER
ALTERNATOR SWITCHES OFF
What kind of brake fluid does the PA34 use?
Military grade 56-06
What are the first and second priorities for a multi engine pilot during takeoff roll?
Primary: attainment of the single engine minimum control speed +5 knots prior to lift off
Secondary: attainment of the best rate of climb speed (Vy) in the least amount of time
When is the gear retracted in normal takeoff?
Upon positive rate of climb
Blueline or above
When is use of safe, intentional one engine inoperative speed (Vsse) recommended?
The minimum speed at which to perform intentional engine cuts, intended to reduce the accident potential from loss of control.
What happens when one engine quits and why?
Yaw and roll toward dead engine due to ASSYMETRIC THRUST and LIFT, nose pitches down.
Pitch down due to loss of airflow over horizontal stabilizer.
ASSYMETRIC LIFT causes roll due to induced lift over one wing and not the other.
ASYMMETRIC THRUST causes yaw.
What four factors result in roughly 80% loss of performance and why?
Windmilling prop
Aileron deflection
Rudder deflection
Sideslip
INCREASES DRAG
Define critical engine.
Critical engine is the engine which the loss of creates the most adverse effect on performance.
Why is aft CG unfavorable?
Because of shorter moment arm of rudder.
Why does higher density altitude result in less asymmetrical thrust?
Less air molecules to provide less engine power and results in less asymmetric thrust in normally aspirated engines.
How do Vmc and Vs intersect and why is it dangerous?
Stall speed is the same at all altitudes, whereas Vmc decreases as density altitude increases. If the aircraft stalls and loses directional control simultaneously, a flat spin could develop due to lack of airflow over the rudder.
How is Vmc determined?
Standard day
Most unfavorable weight
Aft CG
Critical engine inop while prop windmilling
Max power on operating engine
Out of ground effect
Up to 5 degrees angle of bank
Flaps and Trim in TO position, Gear retracted
Single engine go-around procedure
MIXTURE RICH PROP MAX THROTTLE FULL FLAPS RETRACT GEAR RETRACT PITCH BLUELINE TRIM SET COWL FLAPS AS REQ
How many gallons are in each of the 4 fuel tanks? How many sumps?
24.5 gal each
8 sumps
Define Zero-fuel weight. What is it for the Seneca? What are the risks of not observing the zero-fuel weight?
Zero-fuel weight is the maximum weight of the aircraft without fuel in the tanks.
Most of the non-fuel weight is kept in the fuselage, or center of the wings. When tanks become empty, the weight
What types of engines does the Seneca have?
Lycoming IO-360-C1E6
Lycoming LIO-360-C1E6
200HP @ 2700RPM
Basic empty weight and useful load of N4567T?
Basic wt: 2776.8 lbs
Useful load: 1423.2 lbs
Is Vmc proportional or inversely proportional to engine performance?
Proportional
Is Vmc proportional or inversely proportional to aircraft weight?
Inversely proportional.
Increased weight has a stabilizing effect.
Does pressure (altitude) or temperature have a greater effect on density altitude?
Pressure
Why is it important to maintain proportional fuel tank levels using cross feed during extended single engine operations?
If fuel is depleted more on the operating engine side, the greater weight on the inop side can shift the CG laterally, increasing the thrust arm of the operative engine and raise Vmc
If one engine is rendered inoperative above the maximum single engine altitude, what will occur?
Drift down
Define Critical Density Altitude.
Critical Density Altitude is the point at which Vmc and Vs converge.
Define Absolute Ceiling.
Absolute Ceiling is the maximum altitude which the aircraft can maintain or attain with two engines operating, max gross weight, gear up, flaps up and maximum continuous power.
As an aircraft climbs, Vy decreases and Vx increases. The density altitude where they converge is the absolute ceiling.
Define Service Ceiling.
Maximum density altitude at which the best rate of climb will produce a 100 fpm rate of climb at max gross weight, gear up, flaps up and maximum continuous power.
Define Single Engine Service Ceiling.
Maximum density altitude at which the best rate of climb will produce a 50 fpm rate of climb with the critical engine inop and feathered, max gross weight, gear up, flaps up and maximum continuous power.
Define Single Engine Absolute Ceiling.
Single Engine Absolute Ceiling is the maximum altitude which the aircraft can maintain or attain with the critical engine inop and feathered , max gross weight, gear up, flaps up and maximum continuous power.
As an aircraft climbs, Vy decreases and Vx increases. The density altitude where they converge is the absolute ceiling.
