semis Flashcards
define as “relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul opposed to material or physical things
Spiritual
a _____ person, places a little importance on beliefs and traditions and is more concerned with growing and experiencing the Divine
spiritual
can be broadly understood as a method to develop concentration, deepen understanding and insight, and cultivate awareness and compassion.
contemplative practices
mental exercise (such as focusing on one’s
breathing or repeating a mantra) for the purpose of reaching a heightened level of spiritual
awareness
Meditation
a spiritual communion with God (or an object of worship) as in supplication, thanksgiving,
adoration, or confession.
Prayer
suppression of all mind and body activity so that the self may realize its distinction from the material world and attain liberation
Yoga
practice that can help you become more aware of your inner life and feel more connected to your experience and the world around you
Journaling
4 contemplative practices
Meditation
Prayer
Yoga
Journaling
16 basic desire that human share
Acceptance
Curiosity
Eating
Family
Honor
Idealism
Independence
Order
physical activity
Power
Romance
Saving
Social contact
Status
Tranquility
Vengeance
a 1990 research conducted by __________, professor emeritus of psychology at the Ohio State University, posted theory on why people are attracted to religion.
Steven Reiss
noted four dimensions that seem to
be present in varying form and intensities in all types of religion.
Sociologists
Four dimension of Religion
Beliefs
Rituals
Spiritual experience
Unique social forms of community
generalized system of ideas and values that shape how members of a religious group come to understand the world around them.
Beliefs
are repeated physical gestures or activities, such as prayers and mantras, used to reinforce religious teaching, elicit spiritual feelings and connect worshippers with a high power
Rituals
feeling of immediate connection with a higher power. Religion is not so much about thinking a certain way as about feeling a certain way.
Spiritual experience
Emphasized that religious beliefs and practices “untie in one single community called a church, all those who adhere to them.
Unique social forms of community
has multiple gods
Polytheism
(Hinduism, Ancient Greeks, and Romans)
single god
Monotheism
(Judaism, Islam, Christianity)
No deities
Atheism
(Atheism, Buddhism, Taoism)
Nonhuman beings (animals, plants, natural world)
Animism
(Indigenous nature worship, shinto)
the oldest of the Abrahamic religions and predecessor of Christianity and Islam
Judaism
sacred text of Judaism
Torah
it is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ Christians, the word of God is written in the Bible
Christianity
world’s largest religion
Christianity
worship Allah as the sole deity and believes Muhammad is his prophet
Islam
the holy scriptures of Islam
Koran
world’s oldest religion
Hinduism
most sacred text is written in _______ in ancient times
Sanskrit
the oldest ancient sacred texts called the ____
Vedas.
*Vedah means knowledge
In Hinduism, central to the faith is a belief in reincarnation and one supreme god called
Brahman
does not believe in a divine real or God as a supernatural Being, but instead follows the wisdom of their founder.
Buddhism
______ is also known as “the enlightened one” or “the awakened one”
Buddha
a priestess or shaman acted as a healer, spiritual leader, and medium.
Babaylan
“life force, an energy, as well as an ethereal entity, a spirit with will of its own that resides in the human body and provides the essence of life.
Dungan
“Breath of life”
responsible for the heart’s ability to beat. It was believed that if ______ left the body, the person also dies
Ginhawa
the conscious intellectual and emotional aspects
Dungan
“Soul of the dead” by the Ifugao
Linnawa
4 classifications of rituals
Imitative Ritual
Positive and Negative Ritual
Sacrificial Ritual
Life crisis
made a large contribution to
Philippine history. The _____ temperament is a basic factor of Filipino Personality
Malays
Hispanic culture influenced the natives. Christianity became the dominant
religion, and western-based social and political organization was established in the Philippines
Spaniards
shaped the modern culture, this is
primarily manifested by the widespread use of the English language.
Americans
no cultural influence at all
British and Japanese
Psychologist and educator and freer chairperson on higher education. She wrote that the strengths and weaknesses of Filipino characters are rooted in factors
DR. PATRICIA B LICUANAN
Filipinos are taught to value family and give it primary importance
Home environment
characterized by depending on one
another to survive
Social environment
depict openness to foreign elements
with no basic consciousness of our cultural core
Culture and language
regarded as the culprit behind our colonial mentality
History
-also instrumental in molding the strengths of the Filipino character. Schools are highly authoritarian.
Educational system
taught us optimism and resilience; however, it also instilled in us a fatalistic attitude
Religion
the hard life drove Filipinos to work hard and take risks, such as leaving our families to work abroad
The economic environment
the emphasis on the superiority of an imported brand or product through _______
Mass media
political power is mainly in the
hands of the elites, and the absence of a strong govt
political environment
since Filipinos highly respect
authority, we lean on our leaders. Any person with authority is
looked up to, thus when leaders violate the law and lack
accountability, the Filipino mindset is hugely affected in a
negative way
Leadership and role models
demonstrated in Filipino’s openness, helpfulness, and generosity, in the practice of bayanihan or mutual assistance; and the famous Filipino Hospitality
Pakikipagkapwa-tao
this love is shown through giving honor and respect to parents and elders, care for the children, generosity toward kin, and personal sacrifices that a Filipino endures for the welfare of the family
Family orientation
Filipinos are cheerful and Fun-loving. Our various fiestas and social gatherings demonstrate the Filipino joy and humor
Joy and Humor
Filipinos are also tremendous in adapting to any circumstances. We can improvie and ake use of whatever is at hand. These qualities are the reasons many Filipinos thrive in various parts of the world
FLEXIBILITY, ADAPTABILITY,
AND CREATIVITY
this trait is most noticeable in our willingness to take risks and work in other countries
Hardwork and industry
This can be related to our bahala na mindset. There is actually a positive side to this fatalistic trait. For filipinos, the bahala na attitude coud be a kickstarter or a pampalakas ng loob to move him/her into action
Faith and religiosity
the salawikain or proverb “ matutong mamaluktot habang maikli ang kumot” depicts our survival instincts. This trait is the reason why Filipinos continue to carry on even through ur harsh economic and social circumstances
Ability to survive
filipinos find it difficult to separate objective tasks from emotionalinvolvement. This is where
palakasan system spring from
Extreme personalism
manifestedin our poitical system where political dynasties lord over elected government posts starting from brgy level to national positions
Extreme Family centeredness
characterized by the idiomatic expressions “ningas cogon “ and relates to filipino time
Lack of discipline
Filipinos have a very high respect for authority that leads to general _______
Passivity and lack of initiative
Filipinos love anything foreign. Foreign elements are adapted and incorporated into our image, and in the process, we are losing our cultural identity
Colonial mentality
has dampened our sense of community and cooperation, and we trample on one another’s right as well.
Kanya kanya syndrome
the expression that filipinos are “madaling
makalimot” or have a short memory
LACK OF SELF-ANALYSIS AND SELF-REFLECTION
a form of government in which the
supreme power is vested in and exercised
by the people directly or indirectly through
a system of representation, usually
involving periodically held free elections
Democracy
