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Visual Communication > Semiotics > Flashcards

Semiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the earliest mode of communication?

A

Signs

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2
Q

The science of the sign, sign processes, and sign systems.

A

Semiotics/Semiology

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3
Q

The 3 key factors to Semiotics.

A

Sign, an organization system, and context.

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4
Q

The relation of signs.

A

Syntactics

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5
Q

Relation between the significant and the sign.

A

Semantics

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6
Q

Relation between the significant, the sign, and the user.

A

Pragmatics

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7
Q

Movement and approach that believes every human activity operates/exists because it is related to our system.

A

Structuralism

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8
Q

Linguist, semiotician, and philosopher who studied how language relates to and creates signs.

A

Ferdinand de Saussure

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9
Q

Explain Saussure’s model.

A

There are three parts: the signified, signifier, and the sign. The signified represents the mental concept or meaning the signifier refers to. The sign is the representation of these two sides that the audience perceives.

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10
Q

What is Saussure’s signified?

A

The mental concept/meaning the signifier refers to.

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11
Q

What is Saussure’s signifier?

A

The material component of a sign. It possesses the constituent parts of features we believe the sign has.

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12
Q

What is Saussure’s sign?

A

The representation of the other two sides that the audience perceives.

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13
Q

A logician and scientist who focused on the relationship between a sign and other signs in the same system.

A

Charles Sanders Peirce

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14
Q

That which represents; says something about something, but is not symbolic, linguistic, or artificial.

A

Peirce’s Representamen (Sign)

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15
Q

That which is represented; the subject matter.

A

Peirce’s Object

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15
Q

That which is represented; the subject matter.

A

Peirce’s Object

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16
Q

That who interprets; the sign created by the Representamen.

A

Peirce’s Interpretant

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17
Q

Sounds we use to make words.

A

Phonemes

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18
Q

Individual verbal utterance or written word.

A

Parole

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19
Q

Linguistic systems as a whole.

A

Langue

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20
Q

Relationship between the sign and other signs of the system, creating meaning.

A

Value

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21
Q

Low structuralist; horizontal grammatical relationships between words in a sentence.

A

Syntagmatic Relationships

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22
Q

How the various configurations of elements within the same sign relate to each other.

A

Syntagma

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23
Q

High structuralist; concerned with the universe of appropriate options within a grammatical structure.

A

Paradigm Relationships

24
Q

Orderly combination of interacting signifiers forming a meaningful whole within a text.

A

Paradigm

25
Q

Likening one thing to another thing.

A

Simile

26
Q

Equating one unfamiliar thing with a more familiar thing.

A

Metaphor

27
Q

How one object is related to another object metaphorically.

A

Transference

28
Q

One small aspect of one thing is used to represent a much larger thing, and vice versa.

A

Synechdoche

29
Q

One thing is substituted for another thing closely related to it.

A

Metonym

30
Q

A sign of pure quality; needs nothing else but the idea to exist.

A

Qualisign

31
Q

A sign of pure existence; forces its way into the world, independent of anyone’s will.

A

Sinsign

32
Q

A sign that is a rule/convention; manifests as laws, rules, tendencies, and habits.

A

Legisign

33
Q

Facsimiles of a thing; represents an object by embodying similar qualities. Makes no distinction between the object and itself.

A

Icon

34
Q

Relates to an object by being contiguous with, materially related, or causally related to it. Represents an object by pointing to its existence.

A

Index

35
Q

Represents an object by habit or convention. The sign has no resemblance or causal relationship with the object.

A

Symbol

36
Q

Qualitative interpretant; possibility of an interpretation. It identifies sign but does not reveal its existence; it simply is.

A

Rhema

37
Q

Says something about the world; stakes a claim. It can be true or false.

A

Dicisign

38
Q

Interpretation relating to a convention, habit or law. A conclusion of many propositions.

A

Argument

39
Q

A literary theorist and semiotician who asserts is impossible to divorce the human aspect or culture from a sign.

A

Roland Barthes

40
Q

Barthes’ code that uses images to show mystery or entice a viewer.

A

Hermeneutic/Enigma Codes

41
Q

Barthes’ code that uses elements within a media to signify something is about to happen.

A

Proairetic/Action Codes

42
Q

Barthes’ code that uses an image to represent meaning.

A

Symbolic Codes

43
Q

Barthes’ code that uses specific elements of media products that the audience understands has a hidden meaning.

A

Semantic Codes

44
Q

Barthes’ code that uses elements of a media text that has a cultural reference or appeals to an audience’s familiarity with it.

A

Cultural/Referential Code

45
Q

Literal meaning of a sign.

A

Denotation

46
Q

Interpretation of a sign.

A

Connotation

47
Q

Agreement on how we should respond to a sign. It’s built by culture around the reader and the sign.

A

Convention

48
Q

The amount in wich the signifier describes the signified.

A

Motivation

49
Q

A type of Barthes’ semiotic codes where all images are polysemous, meaning: readers can choose or ignore underlying signifiers or floating chains of signifiers.

A

Linguistic

50
Q

A function of Linguistic semiotic code that directs a reader through a number of possible meanings via chain of signifiers.

A

Anchorage

51
Q

A function of Linguistic semiotic code where it advances the readings of images by supplying meaning not found on the image itself.

A

Relay

51
Q

A type of Barthes’ semiotic code that is densely coded, needing the reader to decrypt it to understand.

A

Coded Iconic

51
Q

A type of Barthes’ semiotic code that has no codes, but a direct/objective reference to an idea.

A

Non-Coded Images

52
Q

An example of a code that is temporally resistant but highly susceptible to trends.

A

Memes

53
Q

A secondary layer of a sign in which the meaning of a product of context, experiences, current ideologies, and other social forces of its time. The sign becomes a signifier.

A

Myth

54
Q

What do you call a sign turned signifiers in myths?

A

Form

55
Q

What do you call the signified in a myth?

A

Concept

56
Q

What do you call the sign in a myth?

A

Sginification

Visual Communication (3 decks)

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