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Government > Semester Review > Flashcards

Semester Review Flashcards

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0
Q

Public good

A

A good available to everybody

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1
Q

Government

A

Institution that makes policies for society

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2
Q

Public policy

A

Policy made in response to a political issue

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3
Q

Politics

A

Process by which we select govt. leaders and what responsibilities they pursue

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4
Q

Linkage institution

A

Things where an issue can be heard to govt

Ex.) mass media

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5
Q

Rights protected by 1st amendment

A

Freedom of speech, assembly, and religion

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6
Q

Rights protected by 2nd amendment

A

Right to bear arms

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7
Q

Rights protected by 3rd amendment

A

Quartering of soldiers

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8
Q

Rights protected by 4th amendment

A

Right against unreasonable search and seizures

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9
Q

Rights protected by 5th amendment

A

Grand juries, no double jeopardy, self incrimination, & due process

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10
Q

Rights protected by 6th amendment

A

Criminal court procedures

Should have speedy trial

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11
Q

Rights protected by 7th amendment

A

Trial by jury in common law cases

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12
Q

Rights protected by 8th amendment

A

Bails, fines, & punishment

No cruel and unusual punishment

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13
Q

Patronage

A

Inducement (attraction) used by party machines

Given for political reasons

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14
Q

Federalism

A

Organizing nations so at least 2 levels of govt have authority over the same land and people

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15
Q

Unfunded mandate

A

Performing actions without receiving pay for them

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16
Q

Roe vs. Wade

A

1973, court decided that a state bans on abortions would be unconstitutional

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17
Q

Gregg vs. Georgia

A

1976, court decided punishment selected wasn’t cruel and unusual, “ it isn’t an extreme sanction, suitable for most extreme crimes

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18
Q

Civil liberties

A

Legal protections against govt

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19
Q

Largest political party

A

Democratic Party

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20
Q

Elastic clause

A

Authorized congress to pass laws necessary and proper to carry out enumerated powers

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21
Q

Necessary and proper

A

Another term for elastic clause

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22
Q

Supremacy clause

A

Makes constitution, national laws, and treaties superior to state laws when national govt is acting within its constitutional limits

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23
Q

5 govt functions

A
  1. ) maintain national defense
  2. ) provide public services
  3. ) preserve order
  4. ) socialize the young
  5. ) collect taxes
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24
Q

Policy gridlock

A

No coalition is strong enough to form majority and make a policy

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25
Q

19th amendment

A

Women’s right to vote

26
Q

Trial balloon

A

Leaking a plan to see a reaction

27
Q

Flat tax

A

Everyone pays the same rate

Ex: cheeseburger

28
Q

Progressive tax

A

Based on ability to pay, income

29
Q

Original jurisdiction

A

Jurisdiction made when hearing case for the first time

30
Q

Appellate jurisdiction

A

Jurisdiction made when hearing the case again.

31
Q

Gideon vs. Wainwright

A

1963, anyone accused of a felony where imprisonment may occur, no matter how poor, has the right to a lawyer

32
Q

Reason for development of a Republican Party

A

Slavery expansion

33
Q

Double jeopardy

A

Tried 2 times for the same crime, protected in 5th amendment

34
Q

Incrementalism

A

Last years budget plus a little more

35
Q

Veto

A

President says no to a bill so it doesn’t become a law.

36
Q

Hyperpluralism

A

Groups too strong for the govt.

37
Q

Elite class theory

A

Rich and poor politics

38
Q

Pluralism

A

Emphasizes politics as a competition among groups, pressing for their policies

39
Q

Checks and balances

A

Features of constitution, limits govt. power by splitting it among the three branches of govt.

40
Q

Age group least likely to vote

A

18-25 years

41
Q

Interest group

A

Group of people with similar policy goals entering policy process to attempt to achieve goals

42
Q

Affirmative action

A

Policy designed to give special attention to members of a previously disadvantaged group.

43
Q

Entitlement

A

Congress pays X amount of benefits to Y number of recipients.
Ex) social security benefits

44
Q

Appropriation

A

Act of congress, funds programs within limits of authorization bill.

45
Q

Civil rights

A

Designed to protect people against discriminatory treatment by govt. officials

46
Q

Electoral college, votes

A

Created by constitution, selection of our president,
538 total votes
270 votes to win

47
Q

Gerrymandering

A

Practice that attempts to establish a political advantage for a particular party

48
Q

Lobbyist, most common function

A

Political persuaders that represent organized group, they influence legislation on behalf of special interest groups.

49
Q

Iron triangles(sub governments)

A

Relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups and congressional committees

50
Q

Jeffersons 3 rights

A

Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness

51
Q

Influence of John Locke

A

Similar to our Declaration of Independence

52
Q

How bureaucracies function

A

Task specialization, merit principle

53
Q

Functions of Supreme Court

A

Resolve conflicts among states, maintain national supremacy in the law

54
Q

Liberal vs. conservative

A

Liberals, treehuggers

Conservatives, tough guys

55
Q

5 principals of democracy

A

1) equality in voting
2) effective participation
3) enlightened understanding
4) citizen control if the agenda
5) inclusion

56
Q

Plessey vs. Ferguson

A

Separate but equal is legal

57
Q

Miranda vs. Arizona

A

Miranda rights for questioning a person

58
Q

U. Of Cal vs. Baake

A

Right of Supreme Court to determine meaning of the U.S. Constitution

59
Q

Reed vs. Reed

A

Any rude gender based discrimination is violating the 14th Amendment

60
Q

Brown vs. Board of Education

A

Integration of separate schools

61
Q

Legislative branch

Head and function

A

Senate

Makes laws

62
Q

Judicial branch

Head, function

A

Supreme Court, evaluates laws

63
Q

Executive branch

Head, function

A

President, carries out laws

Government (5 decks)

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