Semester Exams Flashcards
What document gave us protection for our unalienable rights?
The declaration of independence
Define federalism?
The sharing of powers between the federal government and the state governments
Define checks and balances
Each branch of the federal government’s have the ability to check or control the power of the other two branches in order to keep the branches equal in powers
Define separation of powers
The power of the federal government and the state governments split equally into three branches
Define popular sovereignty
The people are the final authority a government the government receives its authority from the people
What did the Northwest ordinance established?
The only law to come out of the articles of Confederation, that tells how to add new states by having a border and population of 60,000
Explain the significance of John Paul Jones during The American revolution
And American leader he led raids of several British ports in1777
-“I have not begun to fight yet”
Define Federalist. List the two major federalist
Supporters of the constitution (strong federal government)
Alexander Hamilton and James Madison
Define anti-federalist. List the two major anti-federalist
Statesmen who are against ratifying the Constitution because they felt it gave too much power to the federal government
-Patrick Henry, George Mason, Thomas Jefferson
1607
Jamestown is founded the first successful English colony
-founded by Captain John Smith
1620
-document written by the Pilgrims, in which they agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government that held the best interest of all members of the colony.
1776
- The formal document written, listing grievances of the colonies to King George III and proclaiming the colonies independence from England.
- written by Thomas Jefferson
- declare that every man had certain unalienable rights
1787
The US Constitution was made
- written by James Madison to strengthen our government and define its role
- it is the document stating the current form of government used in the U.S. today.
What man was named the commander of the Continental Army?
George Washington
Define the great compromise
Put the Virginia and New Jersey plan together
- creates a two House legislature with representation for the house of representatives
- based on State population and the representation in the Senate based on statehood
Define the 3/5 compromise
For representation purposes three out of five slaves would count towards a state population
Explain why the British colonists were unhappy with the proclamation of 1763?
They had just want the fridge and Indian war and wanted to settle on the Appalachian Mountains all the way to the Mississippi River
List the rights guaranteed in the first amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petition
List the rights guaranteed an eighth amendment
No excessive bail or science, no cruel or unusual punishment
List the reasons for creating the articles of Confederation
- finance the war
- negotiate treaties
- prevent an executive from becoming too powerful
Describe the New Jersey plan
-small state plan
Wanted representation to be equal for all states
Describe the Virginia plan
- Big state plan
- what is representation to be based on the population
Explain the third amendment to the Bill of Rights
No quartering of soldiers
Explain the fourth amendment
No unreasonable searches and seizures
Explain the fifth amendment-
- due process
- free from self-incrimination
- no double jeopardy
Explain the sixth invent amendment
Right to trial by jury in a Criminal Case in, which jury duty is constitutional right
What landed the United States gain after the treaty of Paris in 1783
West of the Appalachian mountains to the Mississippi River
Was Patrick Henry a federalist or anti-federalist?
He was of anti-Federalist because he felt the constitution lacked individual liberties and state rights
What was the importance of the battle of Lexington and Concord?
- “shot heard around the world”
- started the American revolution
What was the importance of the battle of Saratoga
- An American victory led by Washington, this proved to the French the Continental Army could defeat the English. They joined in the fight.
- turning point in the war
What was the importance of the siege of Yorktown
- was in 1781 it was the last major battle of the American Revolution war
- 14,000 American troops trapped 7500 British under General Cornwallis
Explain to reasons why the colonists grew increasingly resentful of Great Britain and King George third
- no taxation without representation
- The proclamation of 1763
Explain the purpose of the constitutional convention?
To restructure the federal government/the US Constitution
What does the term”consent of the governed”mean?
John Locke created it it is where people have a vote and who leads them(democracy)
-“life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
Why was Paul Reveres engraving of the Boston massacre considered propaganda?
Because it was meant to try and get neutralist to joy the patriot side
What was the importance of Thomas Paines pamphlet “common sense?”
Convinced many colonist to join the patriot cause for independence from England
Describe what the soil was like in New England
Rocky bad for growing
Describe what the soil was like in the middle colonies
Average soil(moderate)
Describe what the soil was like in the southern colonies
Rich fertile great for growing crops like tobacco and cotton
What was the importance of the Mayflower compact
Show the colonist could establish their own forms of self government and be successful
Describe the intolerable acts and explain why the king passEd them
It close the Boston Harbor, sent more troops to Boston, and no more patriot meetings
-King George the third pass them because of the Boston tea party
Why did the European countries explore the New World
God, glory, gold
What were the intolerable acts
Close Boston Harbor, send more troops into Boston, and no more patriot meetings
Explain to problems Washington face when he became president
Debt from the American revolution
-people rebellion because they didn’t want to pay taxes
Explain the 10th amendment
The federal and state government share powers
Federalism
Explain the plantation system
Utilized in the south (slaves) order to make tobacco and cotton produced more profitable
Explain the significance of Charleston, New York City, Boston
All three had major harbors for importing and exporting goods
Explain the significance of Philadelphia
Where the declaration of independence and US Constitution were written
James Armistead
Was considered the first African-American double agent working for the Continental Army during the American Revolution
Mercy Otis Warren
Political writer and propaganda steering American revolution, she became a correspondent to patriots like Adams, Washington, Jefferson and Hancock and Henry
Bernardo De Gálvez
A Spanish military leader who aided the American patriots by controlling the Mississippi River in the south during the revolution
Wentworth Chesswell
A teacher, he became a war hero in the Continental Army it is considered the first African-American to be elected to office
Haym Solomon
Jewish Financer who aided the Americans during the revolutionary war
Samuel Adams
He was the cousin of John Adams, liter of sons of liberty and a member of the first and second Continental Congress
Crispus Attucks
An African slave, he is considered to be first individual shot by British soldiers at the Boston massacre
Benjamin Franklin
Author of poor Richards almanac
- he was a member of the Continental Congress
- negotiated a treaty with France during revolutionary
- Negotiated the treaty of Paris in 1783 ending the war
What are unalienable rights?
Rights that cannot be taken away and should be given to every human
