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History > Semester Exams > Flashcards

Semester Exams Flashcards

1
Q

What document gave us protection for our unalienable rights?

A

The declaration of independence

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2
Q

Define federalism?

A

The sharing of powers between the federal government and the state governments

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3
Q

Define checks and balances

A

Each branch of the federal government’s have the ability to check or control the power of the other two branches in order to keep the branches equal in powers

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4
Q

Define separation of powers

A

The power of the federal government and the state governments split equally into three branches

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5
Q

Define popular sovereignty

A

The people are the final authority a government the government receives its authority from the people

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6
Q

What did the Northwest ordinance established?

A

The only law to come out of the articles of Confederation, that tells how to add new states by having a border and population of 60,000

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7
Q

Explain the significance of John Paul Jones during The American revolution

A

And American leader he led raids of several British ports in1777
-“I have not begun to fight yet”

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8
Q

Define Federalist. List the two major federalist

A

Supporters of the constitution (strong federal government)

Alexander Hamilton and James Madison

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9
Q

Define anti-federalist. List the two major anti-federalist

A

Statesmen who are against ratifying the Constitution because they felt it gave too much power to the federal government
-Patrick Henry, George Mason, Thomas Jefferson

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10
Q

1607

A

Jamestown is founded the first successful English colony

-founded by Captain John Smith

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11
Q

1620

A

-document written by the Pilgrims, in which they agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government that held the best interest of all members of the colony.

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12
Q

1776

A
  • The formal document written, listing grievances of the colonies to King George III and proclaiming the colonies independence from England.
  • written by Thomas Jefferson
  • declare that every man had certain unalienable rights
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13
Q

1787

A

The US Constitution was made

  • written by James Madison to strengthen our government and define its role
  • it is the document stating the current form of government used in the U.S. today.
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14
Q

What man was named the commander of the Continental Army?

A

George Washington

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15
Q

Define the great compromise

A

Put the Virginia and New Jersey plan together

  • creates a two House legislature with representation for the house of representatives
  • based on State population and the representation in the Senate based on statehood
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16
Q

Define the 3/5 compromise

A

For representation purposes three out of five slaves would count towards a state population

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17
Q

Explain why the British colonists were unhappy with the proclamation of 1763?

A

They had just want the fridge and Indian war and wanted to settle on the Appalachian Mountains all the way to the Mississippi River

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18
Q

List the rights guaranteed in the first amendment

A

Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petition

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19
Q

List the rights guaranteed an eighth amendment

A

No excessive bail or science, no cruel or unusual punishment

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20
Q

List the reasons for creating the articles of Confederation

A
  • finance the war
  • negotiate treaties
  • prevent an executive from becoming too powerful
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21
Q

Describe the New Jersey plan

A

-small state plan

Wanted representation to be equal for all states

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22
Q

Describe the Virginia plan

A
  • Big state plan

- what is representation to be based on the population

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23
Q

Explain the third amendment to the Bill of Rights

A

No quartering of soldiers

24
Q

Explain the fourth amendment

A

No unreasonable searches and seizures

25
Q

Explain the fifth amendment-

A
  • due process
  • free from self-incrimination
  • no double jeopardy
26
Q

Explain the sixth invent amendment

A

Right to trial by jury in a Criminal Case in, which jury duty is constitutional right

27
Q

What landed the United States gain after the treaty of Paris in 1783

A

West of the Appalachian mountains to the Mississippi River

28
Q

Was Patrick Henry a federalist or anti-federalist?

A

He was of anti-Federalist because he felt the constitution lacked individual liberties and state rights

29
Q

What was the importance of the battle of Lexington and Concord?

A
  • “shot heard around the world”

- started the American revolution

30
Q

What was the importance of the battle of Saratoga

A
  • An American victory led by Washington, this proved to the French the Continental Army could defeat the English. They joined in the fight.
  • turning point in the war
31
Q

What was the importance of the siege of Yorktown

A
  • was in 1781 it was the last major battle of the American Revolution war
  • 14,000 American troops trapped 7500 British under General Cornwallis
32
Q

Explain to reasons why the colonists grew increasingly resentful of Great Britain and King George third

A
  • no taxation without representation

- The proclamation of 1763

33
Q

Explain the purpose of the constitutional convention?

A

To restructure the federal government/the US Constitution

34
Q

What does the term”consent of the governed”mean?

A

John Locke created it it is where people have a vote and who leads them(democracy)
-“life, liberty, pursuit of happiness

35
Q

Why was Paul Reveres engraving of the Boston massacre considered propaganda?

A

Because it was meant to try and get neutralist to joy the patriot side

36
Q

What was the importance of Thomas Paines pamphlet “common sense?”

A

Convinced many colonist to join the patriot cause for independence from England

37
Q

Describe what the soil was like in New England

A

Rocky bad for growing

38
Q

Describe what the soil was like in the middle colonies

A

Average soil(moderate)

39
Q

Describe what the soil was like in the southern colonies

A

Rich fertile great for growing crops like tobacco and cotton

40
Q

What was the importance of the Mayflower compact

A

Show the colonist could establish their own forms of self government and be successful

41
Q

Describe the intolerable acts and explain why the king passEd them

A

It close the Boston Harbor, sent more troops to Boston, and no more patriot meetings
-King George the third pass them because of the Boston tea party

42
Q

Why did the European countries explore the New World

A

God, glory, gold

43
Q

What were the intolerable acts

A

Close Boston Harbor, send more troops into Boston, and no more patriot meetings

44
Q

Explain to problems Washington face when he became president

A

Debt from the American revolution

-people rebellion because they didn’t want to pay taxes

45
Q

Explain the 10th amendment

A

The federal and state government share powers

Federalism

46
Q

Explain the plantation system

A

Utilized in the south (slaves) order to make tobacco and cotton produced more profitable

47
Q

Explain the significance of Charleston, New York City, Boston

A

All three had major harbors for importing and exporting goods

48
Q

Explain the significance of Philadelphia

A

Where the declaration of independence and US Constitution were written

49
Q

James Armistead

A

Was considered the first African-American double agent working for the Continental Army during the American Revolution

50
Q

Mercy Otis Warren

A

Political writer and propaganda steering American revolution, she became a correspondent to patriots like Adams, Washington, Jefferson and Hancock and Henry

51
Q

Bernardo De Gálvez

A

A Spanish military leader who aided the American patriots by controlling the Mississippi River in the south during the revolution

52
Q

Wentworth Chesswell

A

A teacher, he became a war hero in the Continental Army it is considered the first African-American to be elected to office

53
Q

Haym Solomon

A

Jewish Financer who aided the Americans during the revolutionary war

54
Q

Samuel Adams

A

He was the cousin of John Adams, liter of sons of liberty and a member of the first and second Continental Congress

55
Q

Crispus Attucks

A

An African slave, he is considered to be first individual shot by British soldiers at the Boston massacre

56
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

Author of poor Richards almanac

  • he was a member of the Continental Congress
  • negotiated a treaty with France during revolutionary
  • Negotiated the treaty of Paris in 1783 ending the war
57
Q

What are unalienable rights?

A

Rights that cannot be taken away and should be given to every human

History (3 decks)

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