Semester 2- Session 4 Nutrition- Still Incomplete

Question 1

What is weight stigmatisation?

Answer 1

Weight stigmatisation= Negative attitudes or stereotypes against the people with obesity and any subsequent prejudice or discrimination

Question 2

Describe the impact of weight stigmatisation on patients and physicians.

Answer 2

Patients- They may feel uncomfortable and embarrassed which could lead them to not want to discuss with their doctor. Poor patient-doctor communication- leads to unhappy patient, weight gain, higher likelihood of binge eating.
Physicians- They may not be open to discussing weight because they feel that they may offend their patients. Some may support the stigma and think the efforts are futile.

Question 3

Understand and be able to describe simple behavioural and psychological strategies for improving eating patterns

Answer 3

• Make achievable and sustainable goals
• Have more mindfulness when eating and having a more positive attitude to food
• Pinpoint the reason why we eat more than we should: Impulse, boredom, habit or time?
• Find out if there is a lack of resources or any other issues influencing their eating habits in order to identify triggers
• Use the eatwell plate+ NHS guidelines for management and not follow any fad diets
• Join weightwatchers

Question 4

Be able to describe basic dietary recommendations

Answer 4

• You should use the eat-well plate made by the NHS
• You should take into account the height and weight of a person to find out specific daily nutrient requirements
• Find out portion sizes required for the individual
• Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods
• Eat whole foods/ fresh foods whenever possible
• decrease intake of foods with additives+ preservatives
• Decrease levels of sugar, salt, refined foods and excess alcohol
• Eat nutrient rich foods> caloric dense
• Avoid fad diets

Question 5

Begin to understand and be able to describe the role of food in health

Answer 5

Food is important for maintains the levels of energy, nutrients, vitamins and minerals required for the body to functions correctly. However, overconsumption/ underconsumption of food can be associated health diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease or scurvy

Question 6

Begin to understand critical analysis of evidence

Answer 6

There are many types of studies, however in nutrition it is hard to carry out some types as the methods to do it can be unethical, food being complex so it has more than one effect on the body and we cannot healthily make individuals do a test study for long periods of time. E.g making 500 individuals smoke for 10 years and measuring their lung health is damaging.
Also many studies cannot pinpoint the actual causation but find factors that associate with the illness.

Question 7

What is associative evidence and what are the problems associated with it?

Answer 7

• Evidence that suggests factors that associate with a certain type of disease/illness but is not the direct cause of it. It can infer causation, which delays proper research and throws off the actual cause of illness, causing incorrect interpretations.

Question 8

What are confounders?

Answer 8

Evidence that falsely appears to be the cause of the outcome instead of the true cause.

Question 9

Understand and be able to describe physician and patient diet/weight management

Answer 9

Weight management is often overlooked because many doctors think it’s futile; there’s a stigma around it and they don’t want to offend patients. However, weight management and nutrition is vital in helping to control/alleviate illness/diseases. Patients seem to trust physicians more as they have more knowledge and with that they would be more appreciate of advice and next steps. This can thus help them to improve overall mental and physical health and be the driving force for maintaining a better lifestyle.