Semester 2 Final Flashcards
1
Q
mutation
A
a change in the DNA sequence of an organism
1
Q
mutagen
A
a chemical or physical agent capable of causing changes in DNA called mutations
2
Q
prophase
A
- chromatin changes into chromosomes
- nuclear membrane breaks down
- centrioles migrate
- spindle fibers form
3
Q
metaphase
A
- spindle fibers attach to centromeres
- chromosomes are lined up in the middle
4
Q
anaphase
A
- spindle fibers begin to contract
- sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides
- In animal cells, pinching begins
5
Q
telophase
A
- nuclear membrane reforms and relaxes
- chromosomes become chromatin
- spindle fibers fall apart
- plants- cell plate forms
6
Q
interphase
A
- has 3 parts
- the resting and growing phase
- has G1, S, and G2 phases
7
Q
G1
A
- carries out the cells day to day functions
- grows in size
8
Q
Synthesis
A
makes exact copies of DNA
9
Q
G2
A
organelles double in size in preparation for cytokinesis
10
Q
cytokinesis
A
- the final divisions of the cell
- 1 cell with 2 nuclei becomes 2 cells with 1 nuclei
11
Q
centrioles
A
organelles in animal cells
12
Q
purpose of mitosis
A
divides the nucleus into 2 nuclei
13
Q
chromosome #
A
46 chromosomes; 23 pairs
14
Q
gamete
A
sex cells
