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Tori - 8th Grade History > Semester 2 Exam > Flashcards

Semester 2 Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

The ___ reached from Maryland to Illinois.

A

National Road

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2
Q

The doctrine of ___ stated that a state could null and void federal law.

A

Nullification

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3
Q

___ was the leader of the Sauk and Fox Indians.

A

Black Hawk

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4
Q

The ___ captured the USS Chesapeake.

A

HMS Leopard

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5
Q

The ___ had a successful career against the British Navy.

A

USS Constitution

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6
Q

a person who believes in using national resources to accomplish tasks for the nation as a whole

A

nationalist

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7
Q

deceit or tricks performed for the sake of personal gain or advantage

A

fraud

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8
Q

The ___ was during the James Monroe administration.

A

Era of Good Feelings

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9
Q

Stephen Long called the Great Plains the “___.”

A

Great American Desert

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10
Q

Which verse is part of the first stanza of “The Star-Spangled Banner?”

  1. O say does that star-spangled banner yet wave,
  2. And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave
  3. ’Tis the star-spangled banner, O! long may it wave
    4 And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
A
  1. O say does that star-spangled banner yet wave,
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11
Q

The “___” favored war with Britain.

A

War Hawks

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12
Q

An economic downturn; a difficult time for businesses and consumers is known as a ___.

A

Recession

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13
Q

Who defeated the Indians at Tippecanoe?

A

William Henry Harrison

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14
Q

leader of the Indians along the Wabash River

A

Tecumseh

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15
Q

having a spirit of kindness and compassion

A

humane

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16
Q

warlike; looking for conflict

A

belligerent

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17
Q

a place where someone is free from attack or harm

A

sanctuary

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18
Q

a government act that prohibits the entry of cargo into any of the nation’s ports

A

embargo

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19
Q

the act of leaving one’s military assignment without permission

A

desertion

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20
Q

the placing of men or equipment into government service by force

A

impressment

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21
Q

The “___” has been used to describe the forced march of the Cherokees in 1838-1839.

A

Trail of Tears

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22
Q

The ___ was called “the big ditch.”

A

Erie Canal

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23
Q

The word “plurality” means ___.

A

among candidates, having the most votes but not having a majority

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24
Q

A command given to a candidate by the people through the results of an election is a ___.

A

mandate

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25
Q

The ___ gave Andrew Jackson authority to negotiate with eastern Indian tribes.

A

Indian Removal Act

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26
Q

Andrew Jackson’s informal advisory group was called the ___.

A

Kitchen Cabinet

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27
Q

___ was arrested when lost in Spanish territory.

A

Zebulon Pike

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28
Q

strong nationalist President

A

John Quincy Adams

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29
Q

reshaped the Democratic Party

A

Martin Van Buren

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30
Q

argued that sectionalism could destroy the government

A

Daniel Webster

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31
Q

Father of Modern Revival

A

Charles Finney

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32
Q

Founder of Monorism

A

Joseph Smith

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33
Q

led the Mormons to Utah

A

Brigham Young

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34
Q

Mark Twain

A

Wrote the adventures of Huckleberry Finn

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35
Q

Noah Webster

A

published the first American speller and dictionary

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36
Q

The definition of compensation is ___.

A

money given or received for services provided or for losses suffered

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37
Q

made worse or more severe

A

aggravated

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38
Q

a legal agreement which becomes law if certain conditions are met

A

proviso

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39
Q

something that causes division or disagreement

A

divisive

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40
Q

former slave and speaker on abolitionism

A

Frederick Douglas

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41
Q

abolitionist who died a violent death

A

Elijah P. Lovejoy

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42
Q

Harrison and Tyler ran on the slogan “___!”

A

Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too

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43
Q

Van Buren wanted an independent ___ department to handle federal funds.

A

Treasury

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44
Q

Loyalty to a region, as warned against by George Washington, is called ___.

A

sectionalism

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45
Q

Discrimination is ___.

A

the treatment of different groups in an uneven way, whether favorable or unfavorable.

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46
Q

The Whigs ran ___ candidates against Martin Van Buren.

A

regional

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47
Q

The ___ was an important route for bringing furs to the East from Oregon.

A

Oregon Trail

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48
Q

___ were an issue that widened the gap between North and South.

A

Tariffs

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49
Q

complex, such as a system having many parts

A

sophisticated

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50
Q

argued over; contested

A

disputed

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51
Q

The ___ secured land for a route for a western railroad.

A

Gadsden Purchase

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52
Q

A ___ was someone who opposed tyranny.

A

Whig

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53
Q

The Declaration of Sentiments spoke to many different issues in 1848, including ___’s issues.

A

women

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54
Q

having to do with something that causes disagreement

A

controversial

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55
Q

a set of demands that is not open for negotiation, and usually involves a deadline

A

ultimatum

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56
Q

something that encourages effort or spurs toward achievement

A

incentive

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57
Q

the person holding an office that is coming up for election

A

incumbent

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58
Q

the act of adding territory to a large entity, such as adding a state to a union

A

annexation

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59
Q

___ means marriage to more than one spouse at the same time.

A

polygamy

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60
Q

___ was discovered at Sutter’s mill.

A

Gold

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61
Q

___ was killed at the Alamo.

A

Davy Crockett

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62
Q

Select THREE areas dealt with in Polk’s objectives.

  1. Restore the nation’s treasury system.
  2. Settle ownership of Oregon.
  3. Purchase Texas from Mexico.
  4. Lower the nation’s tariffs.
A
  1. Restore the nation’s treasury system.
  2. Settle ownership of Oregon.
  3. Lower the nation’s tariffs.
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63
Q

Artists from the Hudson River School painted ___.

A

landscapes

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64
Q

a person who is running from something, especially the law

A

fugitive

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65
Q

the act of withdrawing from an alliance or union

A

secession

66
Q

Mary Chesnut wrote ___.

A

A Diary of Dixie

67
Q

John Brown

A

Led a raid on Pottawatomi…

68
Q

Charles Sumner

A

Was attacked on the Sena…

69
Q

right of a territory to decide for itself the question of slavery

A

popular sovereignty

70
Q

secured property for the purpose of building a southern railroad

A

Gadsden Purchase

71
Q

secret agreement concerning Cuba

A

Ostend Manifesto

72
Q

elected U.S. President in 1856

A

Buchanan

73
Q

leader of the Underground Railroad

A

Harriet Tubman

74
Q

Dred Scott lost his case in the ___ Court.

A

Supreme

75
Q

The ___ led to unsettled politics in the United States regarding new territories.

A

Mexican-American War

76
Q

An unreasonable attitude or feeling toward a group of people based on their race or class is defined as “___.”

A

Prejudice

77
Q

the power or authority required to hear a case and make a ruling

A

Jurisdiction

78
Q

a person who invests in a commodity in hopes of selling at a large profit at a later time

A

Speculator

79
Q

a person who invests in a commodity in hopes of selling at a large profit at a later time

A

verdict

80
Q

The Nat Turner Rebellion was a ___.

A

Slave revolt in Virginia

81
Q

The term Manifest Destiny was no longer used after the ___ of adventurers in Central and South America.

A

failure

82
Q

___ led a slave revolt in Haiti.

A

Toussaint L’Ouverture

83
Q

The first state to secede was ___.

A

South Carolina

84
Q

“Beecher’s Bibles” were actually Sharp’s ___.

A

Rifles

85
Q

The Minié ball made rifled muskets more ___.

A

Accurate

86
Q

The cotton gin was ultimately responsible for the spread of ___.

A

Slavery

87
Q

The first action of the Civil War was the ___ of Fort Sumter.

A

Bombardment

88
Q

The fugitive slave laws required citizens to help return ___ slaves.

A

Escaped

89
Q

Many Southerners viewed slavery as a(n) “___ good.”

A

positive

90
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

U.S President Elected in 1860

91
Q

Jefferson Davis

A

President of the Confederacy

92
Q

Slaves were often mistreated by ___ on large plantations.

A

overseers

93
Q

The “Border Ruffians” from ___ raided Lawrence, Kansas.

A

Missouri

94
Q

After Henry Clay, compromises were led by ___.

A

Stephen Douglas

95
Q

The ___ Plan was created by General Winfield Scott to suffocate the South into submission.

A

Anaconda

96
Q

The Bessemer Process made ___ less expensive to produce.

A

steel

97
Q

Lincoln suspended this right.

A

habeas corpus

98
Q

First Battle of Manassas

A

First Battle of Bull Run

99
Q

What does “transcontinental” mean?

A

transferring from one state to another within a continent

100
Q

___ means to forsake or desert completely.

A

Abandon

101
Q

site of the “Highwater Mark of the Confederacy”

A

Gettysburg

102
Q

lost his left arm and died of pneumonia

A

Thomas J. Jackson

103
Q

river near Fredericksburg, Virginia

A

Rappahannock

104
Q

famous Civil War photographer

A

Mathew Brady

105
Q

Hunley

A

Sank the USS Housatonic

106
Q

Peninsular Campaign

A

between the York and James Rivers

107
Q

The Union victory that opened central Georgia to invasion was ___.

A

Chattanooga

108
Q

the state of being neutral; the avoidance of taking sides in a conflict

A

neutrality

109
Q

the surrounding of a fortification in order to keep supplies and reinforcements away for the purpose of forcing the defenders to surrender

A

siege

110
Q

small or brief battles

A

skirmishes

111
Q

a wooden ship covered with metal plates

A

ironclad

112
Q

Clara Barton

A

Angel of The Battlefeild

113
Q

Morrill Act

A

Land Grant Act for College

114
Q

Homestead Act

A

Granted land to individuals

115
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

Freed slaves in ri…

116
Q

a person who is absent, that is, not available or present in order to act

A

absentee

117
Q

the leaving of a military post without permission

A

desertion

118
Q

a formal statement of commendation for a soldier’s actions

A

citation

119
Q

a statement by the people, often the meaning behind the results of an election

A

referendum

120
Q

Manassas

A

Battle of Ball Run

121
Q

cotton

A

Basis of diplomacy for the south

122
Q

Moved to specific locations for strategic reasons is the definition of

A

deployed

123
Q

location of South’s last railroad bridge across the Mississippi

A

Vicksburg

124
Q

bloodiest day of the Civil War at the time

A

Shiloh

125
Q

offended the ladies of New Orleans

A

Benjamin Butler

126
Q

defeated General Lee after reorganizing the Army of the Potomac

A

Ulysses S. Grant

127
Q

“March to the Sea”

A

William T. Sherman

128
Q

where General Lee surrendered to General Grant

A

Appottamox Court House

129
Q

A(n) ___ is a group of people who travel with an important person.

A

Entourage

130
Q

The ___ Plan was a Congressional Reconstruction bill.

A

Wade-Davis

131
Q

Andrew Jackson Beard invented the ___.

A

Jenny coupler

132
Q

George A. Custer was massacred at ___.

A

Little Big Horn

133
Q

The ___ slowed down the acts of terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan.

A

Force Acts

134
Q

___ and Jim Fisk tried to corner the gold market.

A

Jay Gould

135
Q

The ___ Act was a law designed to keep the President from removing cabinet members.

A

Tenure of Office

136
Q

The ___ was an attempt to domesticate the Indians.

A

Dawes Act

137
Q

Repudiate means ___.

A

Refuse to acknowledge or pay debt.

138
Q

___ is the period of time after the Civil War when the Southern states were reorganized and placed back in the Union.

A

Reconstruction

139
Q

Northerners who came to the South seeking positions during the Reconstruction

A

carpetbaggers

140
Q

Southerners who were Unionists and had Northern sympathies and loyalties

A

scalawags

141
Q

Abraham Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan was called the ___.

A

Ten Percent Plan

142
Q

The ___ was begun to help the newly freed slaves.

A

Freedmen’s Bureau

143
Q

The ___ Amendment freed the slaves.

A

Thirteenth

144
Q

The ___ was a name taken by the Republicans in the election of 1864.

A

National Union Party

145
Q

The ___ Amendment assured the right to vote regardless of race.

A

Fifteenth

146
Q

The corporation formed to finance railroad expansion was called the ___.

A

Credit Mobilier

147
Q

The Radical Republicans were led by ___.

A

Thaddeus Stevens

148
Q

“Tenure” is ___.

A

the fact of being in a position; the time which one has served in that position

149
Q

The abolitionists within the Republican Party were called ___.

A

Radicals

150
Q

Andrew Johnson was impeached and then tried in the ___.

A

Senate

151
Q

___ was the day the stock market crashed because of the price of gold.

A

Black Friday

152
Q

The ___ Amendment defined who were U.S. citizens.

A

Fourteenth

153
Q

The ___ Act was a law to keep the President from giving commands directly to military officers.

A

Command of The Army

154
Q

___ was the location of the prison at Andersonville.

A

Camp Sumter

155
Q

___ was impeached because he violated the Tenure of Office Act.

A

Andrew JOHNSON

156
Q

Rampant

A

raging and unchecked

157
Q

an arrangement by which a farmer uses the land of another in exchange for a share of the harvest

A

sharecropping

158
Q

the condition of being homeless and without work; idle

A

vagrancy

159
Q

rights accorded to citizens, especially the right to freedom and the right to vote

A

civil rights

160
Q

“Took away the right to vote” means ___.

A

disenfranchised

161
Q

___ won the Presidential election of 1876.

A

Rutherford B. Hayes

162
Q

___ was hanged for war crimes.

A

Henry Wirz

Tori - 8th Grade History (5 decks)

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