Semester 1 Exam Flashcards
The explorer _____ circumnavigated the earth.
Ferdinand Magellan
___ are workmen who are skilled in an applied art, such as a carpenter.
artisans
The Pilgrims signed the _____.
Mayflower Compact
A famous European traveler to Cathay was ______.
Marco Polo
The Portuguese invented a two- or three-masted ship called a(n) ____.
caravel
The marine _____ is a device for aiding navigation by means of the stars.
astrolabe
Maryland was a ___ colony.
Middle
The first English child born in America was ____.
Virginia Dare
The art or science of _____ means being able to plot a course of travel.
navigation
Virginia was a ___ colony.
Southern
A place of sanctuary and safety is a(n) ___.
haven
Those who disagree with the doctrine or policy of a church are called ___.
dissenters
North Carolina was a ___ colony.
Southern
Connecticut was a ___ colony.
New England
____ was the first European to reach the Caribbean.
Christopher Columbus
Pennsylvania was a ___ colony.
Middle
___ founded the colony of Connecticut.
Thomas Hooker
Which document limited William Penn’s authority in Pennsylvania and created a representative legislature?
Charter of Liberties
interested in North American fur trade
France
lost colony of Roanoke
CROTOAN
named for Queen Elizabeth l
Virginia
A(n) ___ is a group of citizen soldiers who can be called upon in a time of crisis.
militia
Select the correct definition for “sovereign.”
a person having authority, such as a king or queen
The colonists objected to the ___ of soldiers in their homes and towns during peace time.
quartering
No_ without representation
taxation
money; something used as money or a medium of exchange
currency
abuse of unrestrained government power
tyranny
Nathaniel ___ led the rebellion against Governor Berkeley.
Bacon
The lawyer who defended the British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre was ___.
John Adams
Select the definition for the word “vigilante.”
a person, especially the member of a group, who takes the law into his own hands
called the “Gibraltar of North America”
Louisburg
French fort taken by George Washington
Fort Duquesne
The ___ Boys were vigilantes from Pennsylvania.
Paxton
___ was the site of the “massacre” involving soldiers firing on citizens.
Boston
___ called for a boycott of all British imports.
Samuel Adams
Pontiac’s Rebellion was an effort to remove ___ settlers from the area west of the Appalachians.
white
The economic system that required European nations to start colonies to provide resources was called ___.
mercantilism
The Intolerable Acts were also called the ___ Acts.
Coercive
The ___ Act required all debts to be paid in hard currency.
Currency
something handed down from previous generations; a heritage
legacy
the noble class; a group of people with high rank due to birth or accomplishment
aristocracy
A leading preacher during the Great Awakening was ___.
Jonathan Edwards
Though the colonists were on the western side of the Atlantic, they still considered themselves ____.
Englishmen
The Sugar Act did away with the right of smugglers to a trial by ___.
Jury
The ___ Act was a statement by Parliament defending its right to tax the colonies.
Declaratory
The Navigation Acts that controlled shipping were unsuccessful because of ___.
smugglers
Select THREE reasons why the English Bill of Rights was important in American history?
- It had a direct bearing on the Articles of Confederation.
- It had a direct bearing on the U.S. Constitution, especially the Bill of Rights.
- It had a direct bearing on the U.S. Declaration of Independence
___ was killed at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham.
James Wolfe
The definition of “boycott” is ___.
an agreement to abstain from buying in order to force the sellers to be reasonable.
___ led the Parliament in passing unpopular acts.
Charles Townshend
Government is formed to protect ___, liberty, and property.
life
The fourth section of the Declaration of Independence closes by ___.
announcing that the colonies are now an independent nation, the United States of America
The campaign for Saratoga ended with the Battle of ___.
Bemis Heights
Benedict Arnold was a ___.
Traitor, Hero, General
Thomas Hobbes wrote a book called ___.
Leviathan
“Give me liberty, or give me ___!”
death
Men hired to serve in an army, especially in an army from a different country are known as ___.
mercenaries
“All men are created ___.”
equal
The ___ Resolves called for a boycott of all British trade.
Suffolk
“___“ was played by an American military band at Saratoga.
Yankee Doodle
The ___ were hired by the British to fight against the colonies.
Hessians
The ___ Branch Petition asked for the help and favor of the king.
Olive
Baron von Steuben assisted General Washington at ___.
Valley Forge
Define the word “harass.”
to cause trouble to an enemy, as by continued attacks or raids
The ___ were trained to be ready to go to battle at any time.
Minutemen
John Locke was influenced by the ___.
Whigs
The first part of the Declaration of Independence is ___.
the preamble - the introduction
Mercy Otis Warren was an influential ___.
playwright
The third part of the Declaration of Independence is a ___.
section listing the wrongs of the British government and how it failed to correct these wrongs
The definition of “ratification” is ___.
the formal approval of a treaty or other legal agreement
The movement of troops for a specific purpose or to gain an advantage is known as a ___.
maneuver
Paul Revere was a leader of the Boston ___ network.
spy
The ___ was caused by General Gage looking for ammunition and arms along the Mystic River.
Powder Alarm
General Horatio Gates became famous for the American victory at ___.
Saratoga
a breach or violation of someone’s rights
infringement
to calm or attempt to satisfy
appease
a decision made or resolution passed, as by a political body
resolve
surrounding an area to keep traffic from going in or out, as in a navy closing a port to ship traffic
blockade
the attitude or mental state of a group facing difficulty
morale
having to do with a plan of action for military conflict
tactical
The number of votes a state receives in the House of Representatives is based upon its ___.
population
Treason is defined as ___.
levying war against the government
The definition of usurp is ___.
to take wrongfully or forcefully the authority or property of another
The “landed” states agreed to give up their ___ lands.
western
The Northwest Ordinance of 1785 reserved some ___ in each township for government use.
land
Select the authors of the Federalist Papers.
- Alexandar Hamilton
- John Jay
- James Madison
The pen name given to the authors of the Federalist Papers was ___.
Publius
A ___ is a legal division of a territory, consisting of 36 sections.
township
Those who supported the Constitution were called ___.
Federalists
___ was sent to France and Spain as ambassador during the Revolutionary War.
John Jay
A requirement for being President is ___.
to be born in the United States
___ is the act of abolishing, or doing away with; used especially with the abolishing of slavery.
abolition
John Jay and ___ traveled to Paris to negotiate a settlement to end the war.
Benjamin Franklin
“Amend” means to ___.
make a change by a legal process
The ___ branch is usually the most responsive to the people.
legislative
The first state to ratify the Constitution was ___.
Delaware
Excessive ___ shall not be required.
bail
The right to keep and bear arms shall not be ___.
infringed
The ___ replaced the Articles of Confederation.
Constitution
A(n) ___ is one who is qualified to vote; especially, one who is able to cast a vote for President in the electoral college.
elector
The secretary of the Philadelphia Convention was ___.
William Jackson
A region of land; specifically, an area of the United States that has its own government, but is not yet a state is a ___.
territory
Declaring independence ___ the colonial charters.
nullified
The ___ is the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy.
President
___ wrote the best notes of the Constitutional Convention.
James Madison
The ___ Compromise involved the counting of slaves.
Three-Fifths
The first President under the Constitution was ___.
George Washington
The members of the House of Representatives are ___.
elected directly by the people of the states
James Madison and ___ wrote the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom.
Thomas Jefferson
The powers not given to the United States are reserved to the ___ or to the people.
states
SIX of the reasons given for the establishment of the Constitution.
- Ensure domestic tranquility
- Promote the general welfare
- Provide for the common defense
- To form a more perfect union
- Secure the blessings of liberty
- Establish justice
___ killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel.
Aaron Burr
Whiskey Rebellion
Disagreement over excise on grain.
Fallen Timbers
Battle won by “ mad” anthony
Samuel Osgood
Postmaster General
formation opposed by Jefferson
national bank
advised the President
The Cabinet
led expedition to Oregon
Meriwether Lewis
doubled the size of the United States
Louisiana Purchase
changed the way Presidential elections are determined
12th Amendment
recaptured by Stephen Decatur
U.S.S Philadelphia
A(n) ___ is an alliance or collection of parties.
coalition
The first Secretary of War was ___.
Henry Knox
___ defeated the Pasha of Tripoli at Derna.
Patrick O’Bannon
___ arranged for the Louisiana Purchase.
Thomas Jefferson
The principle that states a government cannot be sued without its consent or permission is ___.
sovereign immunity
The first Secretary of State was ___.
Thomas Jefferson
The definition of “apathy” is ___.
lack of interest or emotion
appointed by John Adams
Midnight Judges
undeclared war with France
Quasi- War
a bribe attempt by French ministers bribe attempt by French ministers
XYZ War
considered unconstitutional and extremely unpopular
Alien and Sedition Act
Choose the definition of “agrarian.”
having to do with agriculture
___ makes U.S. citizenship desirable.
Voting
The Federalist Party was led by ___.
Alexander Hamilton
kept United States out of war with England
Jay Treaty
explained to the American people why Washington was retiring
Farewell Address
killed George Washington
thoat infection
A ___ is the right of an inventor to exclusive use of his invention.
patent
___ experienced a revolution during the Washington administration.
France
the power of a court to determine whether a law is constitutional
Judicial Review
the act of making war against one’s nation or government
treason
Henry Knox
Secretary of War
Secretary of Treasury
Alexander Hamilton
Postmaster General
Samuel Osgood
Attorney General
Edmund Randolph
Secretary of State
Thomas Jefferson
