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Semester 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Summarising

A

Summarising means reducing the length of a text but retaining the main points.

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2
Q

Paraphrasing

A

Paraphrasing involves rewriting a text so that the language is significantly different while the content stays the same.

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3
Q

why students must avoid plagiarism:?

A

> To show that they understand the rules of the academic community. >Copying the work of others will not help them develop their own understanding
Plagiarism is easily detected by teachers and computer software. Avoidi
Plagiarism may lead to failing a course or even having to leave collepe

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4
Q

Meaning citation

A

A citation references a source, crediting the original author.

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5
Q

Reasons for citing

A

reasons for citing

  1. Credit: Acknowledge the original author.
  2. Avoid Plagiarism: Prevent copying others’ work.
  3. Support Claims: Provide evidence for your arguments.
  4. Verification: Allow readers to check sources.
  5. Authority: Boost the credibility of your work.
  6. Context: Offer background for your research.
  7. Contribution: Show how your work fits into the field.
  8. Ethics: Follow academic integrity standards.
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6
Q

Examples of sources for citation

A

1.Books
2.Journal articles
3.Websites
4.Reports
5. **Newspaper or magazine articles
6.Conference papers
7.Theses or dissertations
8.Interviews
9.Datasets
10. Multimedia sources

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7
Q

Steps in the literature review process

A
  1. Define the topic: Clarify your research question or topic.
  2. Search for sources: Find academic source or relevant sources.
  3. Evaluate sources: Assess the quality and relevance of the sources.
  4. Organize sources: Group sources by themes, arguments, or methodologies.

5.Analyze and synthesize
Summarize key findings and trends, identifying gaps.

  1. Write the review: Present a clear overview of existing research.
  2. Cite sources: Properly reference all sources used in your review.
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8
Q

Components of the literature review

A
  1. Introduction: Introduces the topic and purpose of the review.
  2. Theoretical framework: Presents key concepts or theories relevant to the review.
  3. Methodology: Explains how sources were selected and analyzed.
  4. Body: Summarizes and evaluates.
  5. Conclusion: Discusses main findings and their implications,
  6. References: Lists all sources cited in the review
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9
Q

examples of source citation

A

1. APA Style:
2. MLA Style:
3. Chicago Style:

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10
Q

An essay

A

An essay is a written piece between 500 and 5000 words, organized into paragraphs.

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11
Q

Essay Structure Explained

A

Essay Structure

Introduction (5-15%)
Includes a hook, background, and thesis.

Body (70-80%)
Main ideas and evidence in paragraphs.

Conclusion (5-15%)
Summarizes points and restates the thesis.

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12
Q

Essay writing styles

A

Is
Structured: Clean, logical, and develops a coherent argument.

Formal: Complex ideas, impersonal tone.

Abstract: Conceptual focus, not situational.

Objective: Rational, unemotional argument.

Complex: Discusses ideas, concepts, and techniques.

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13
Q

Components of an Essay

A
  1. Title: The question being answered.
  2. Introduction: Introduces main ideas and essay structure.
  3. Main Body: Develops the argument with evidence in logical paragraphs.
  4. Conclusion: Answers the question and explores implications.
  5. References: Lists sources used, following the specified style.
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14
Q

Essay Writing Process

Stages of essay production:

A
  1. Understand the Question:
    • Figure out what the question is asking.
    • Know the main words and ideas.
  2. Narrow Down the Question:
    • Define important words to make it simpler.
    • Keep it short and clear.
  3. Plan Your Essay:
    • Think about how to answer the question.
    • Make a plan to organize your ideas.
  4. Gather Information:
    • Find facts and examples to support your ideas.
    • Make notes to help you remember.
  5. Write the Introduction:
    • Start by introducing the topic.
    • Say what your essay will be about.
  6. Write the Main Part:
    • Explain your ideas one by one.
    • Use examples to make your points clear.
  7. Check and Improve:
    • Read your essay again.
    • Fix any mistakes and make it better.
  8. Format Your Essay:
    • Make sure it looks neat and tidy.
    • Follow any rules about font and spacing.
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15
Q

Features of essay writing

A

Features of essay writing

➢They have a reader.
➢They are based on evidence.
➢They have a structure.
➢They have a word limit.
➢They are part of a discipline/subject area,

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16
Q

The Purpose of the Literature Review

A

The literature review aims to:

  • Summarize existing research.
  • Show each source’s contribution to the topic.
  • Explain how the sources relate to each other.
  • Highlight gaps and suggest future research.
17
Q

Components of the Literature Review

A

Components of the Literature Review

The literature review should include:

  • Objectives of the review.
  • Overview of the subject.
  • Categorization of sources: supporting, opposing, and differing.
  • Discussion of each source’s uniqueness and similarities.
18
Q

Steps in the Literature Review Process

The literature review involves four steps:

A

Steps in the Literature Review Process

The literature review involves four steps:

  1. Define your topic and scope.
  2. Search for relevant sources.
  3. Read and evaluate the sources.
  4. Analyze and discuss the findings.
19
Q

What is the Purpose of Citations?

A
  1. Citations help readers find your sources.
  2. They keep the academic discussion going.
  3. They help you avoid plagiarism.
20
Q

Citation styles

A

AMA: Used in medicine and health sciences.

APA: Used in psychology and social sciences. Needs author, date, title, and source.

ASA: Used in sociology.

Chicago: Used in history and the arts.

MLA: Used in English and humanities.

Science and Engineering: Various styles used.

Which of these styles do you need to use?

21
Q

Types of Literature Reviews

A

Types of Literature Reviews

  1. Argumentative Review
    • Supports or refutes established arguments in the literature.
    • Purpose: Introduces new viewpoints or perspectives.
    • Common in: Social sciences.
  2. Integrative Review
    • Critiques and synthesizes literature on a topic.
    • Purpose: Generates new frameworks and perspectives.
    • Common in: Social sciences.
  3. Historical Review
    • Examines the evolution of research over time.
    • Purpose: Places research in historical context and identifies trends.
    • Common in: Various disciplines.
  4. Theoretical Review
    • Examines existing theories related to an issue.
    • Purpose: Identifies gaps in theories and suggests new hypotheses.
    • Common in: Theoretical and social science fields.
  5. Systematic Review
    • Overview of existing evidence on a specific research question.
    • Purpose: Summarizes all relevant research using standardized methods.
    • Common in: Clinical medicine, allied health fields, and social sciences.
  6. Coursework
    • Part of academic assignments or essays.
    • Purpose: Demonstrates understanding of a subject and research skills.
    • Common in: Academic coursework across disciplines.

cademic writing (2 decks)

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