semester 1 Flashcards
name process that converts mRNA -> protein
translation
what 2 DNA bases = purines and which ones = pyrimidines
purine = adenine and guanine
pyrimidines = cytosine and thymine
what is the difference between amylose and amylopectin
amylose = i3- is incorporated into amylose helix - blue colour = formed
Amylopectin - no iodine reaction with this molecule - yellow colour = formed [no Iodine = incorporated]
whats the function of the shine delgarno seqyence
it is a ribosome binding site - RNA polymerase binds to small subunit [30S]
it has a consensus of 5’ rGGAGG 3’
list 2 protein denaturing agents
heat and change in pH
Which of the following lipids is the major fuel store in the body?
(a) Glycerophospholipid (b) Triacylglycerol (c) Sphingolipid
(d) Sterol (e) None of these
Triacylglycerol
what 2 antibiotics inhibit ribosome
streptomycin and erythromycin
what is the function of lipases
when triacylglycerol stores are broken down to supply energy - this enzyme catalyses the release of 3 fatty acids from the glycerol backbone so it can be used to generate energy
list 3 methods for testing the presence of reducing sugars
fehlings, benedicts and barfoeds tests [BBF]
Does the presence of cholesterol in a biological membrane increase or
decrease the fluidity of the membrane? Explain.
decreases the fluidity as the rigid steroid ring system of cholesterol interferes with lateral movement of fatty acids
What 2 transition metals are found in Folin-Ciocalteau reagent?
phosphomolybdic acid and phosphotungstic acid
State Beer-lambert law
A=e.c.l=log10(i0/i) [there’s a linear relationship between concentration and absorbance]
A= absorbance
e= molar absorptivity
c=concentration
l= path length
i0 = incident light
i= transmitted light
Which protein contains the non-standard amino acids, desmosine and
isodesmosine?
elastin
What mutation causes sickle cell haemoglobin?
A.A substitution of a glutamic acid-> a valine on the outside a beta chain
. Hexoses are very important sugars found in living organisms. Which of the 2
stereoisomers of hexoses are more common in nature?
D-glucose [aldohexose] and D-fructose [ketohexose]