Semantics

Question 1

semantic theories

Answer 1

the study of sense relations between expressions in a language, focusing on entailment and truth conditions to describe meaning in terms of models and interpretations

Question 2

compositional semantics

Answer 2

concerned with phrasal meanings; the ways in which individual words come together and connect to make a broader, comprehensible sentence

Question 3

lexical semantics

Answer 3

as a subfield of linguistic semantics, is the study of word meanings

Question 4

semantic features

Answer 4

basic features that can be combined to define semantic concepts

Question 5

semantic roles

Answer 5

the actual role a participant plays in some real or imagined situation, apart from the linguistic encoding of those situations

Question 6

lexical relations

Answer 6

the ways in which words are related to each other in a language

Question 7

Semantics

Answer 7

is the study of meaning in language

Question 8

morphology

Answer 8

the study of the forms of words.

Question 9

syntax

Answer 9

the part of linguistics that studies the structure and formation of sentences

Question 10

Plato’s
dialogue Cratylus

Answer 10

the only Platonic dialogue devoted exclusively to language and its relation to reality

Question 11

onomatopoeic

Answer 11

using or creating words that imitate or name a sound

Question 12

Stereotype

Answer 12

A preconceived and oversimplified idea of the characteristics which typify a person, race, or community which may lead to treating them in a particular way

Question 13

Referent

Answer 13

the person, thing, or idea that a word or expression denotes, stands for, or refers to

Question 14

Extension

Answer 14

the set of things it extends to, or applies to, if it is the sort of concept or expression that a single object by itself can satisfy

Question 15

Prototype

Answer 15

The most typical example of a category that functions as a cognitive reference point

Question 16

Coreference

Answer 16

occurs when two or more expressions refer to the same person or thing; they have the same referent

Question 17

Anaphora

Answer 17

is the use of an expression whose interpretation depends upon another expression in context

Question 18

Deixis

Answer 18

is the use of words or phrases to refer to a particular time

Question 19

Grammar

Answer 19

rules of a language governing the sounds, words, sentences, and other elements, as well as their combination and interpretation

Question 20

syntacticians

Answer 20

a linguist who specializes in the study of grammar and syntax

Question 21

thematic role

Answer 21

of, relating to, or constituting a theme

Question 22

Denotative meaning

Answer 22

the key that opens the most basic, literal, and direct interpretation of a word

Question 23

Connotative meaning

Answer 23

a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly

Question 24

Social meaning

Answer 24

It is the meaning that a word possesses by virtue of its use in particular social situations and
circumstances

Question 25

Thematic meaning

Answer 25

It lies in the manner in which a message is organized for emphasis.

Question 26

The Conceptual Theory of Meaning

Answer 26

In the theory of meaning, just explained, words and things are directly related But in the conceptual theory of meaning words and things are related through the mediation of concepts of the mind.

Question 27

Contradictory Sentences

Answer 27

are just the opposite of analytic sentences; characterize statements that cannot be true based on the defined meanings of the words.

Question 28

analytic sentences

Answer 28

a sentence, which is true because of the meaning relationship between the subject and predicate.

Question 29

Gradable

Answer 29

They can be used in comparative constructions. The negative of one member does not necessarily imply the other; e.g. not old doesn‟t mean young.

Question 30

Hyponymy

Answer 30

Hyponymy: When the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another, the relationship