Semantics

Question 1

Semantics

Answer 1

the branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning.

Question 2

Pragmatic

Answer 2

the branch of linguistics dealing with language in use and the contexts in which it is used, including such matters as deixis, the taking of turns in conversation, text organization, presupposition, and implicature.

Question 3

Coreference

Answer 3

Two linguistic expressions that refer to the same real-world entity are said to be coreferential.

Question 4

Compositional semantics

Answer 4

The meaning of a phrase is determined by combining the meanings of its sub phrases, using rules which are driven by the syntactic structure.

Question 5

Lexical semantics

Answer 5

the branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning.

Question 6

Semantic Features

Answer 6

theoretical units of meaning-holding components which are used for representing word meaning.

Question 7

Semantic Roles

Answer 7

the underlying relationship that a participant has with the main verb in a clause.

Question 8

Lexical Relations

Answer 8

one of the most important semantic relations in exploring the meanings of words in the English language.

Question 9

Stereotype

Answer 9

A list of characteristics describing a prototype

Question 10

Referent

Answer 10

The entity identified by the use of a referring expression such as a noun or noun phrase is the referent of that expression.

Question 11

Thematic roles

Answer 11

a term to express the role that a noun phrase plays with respect to the action or state described by a governing verb

Question 12

Principle of compositionality

Answer 12

the principle that the meaning of a complex expression is determined by the meanings of its constituent expressions and the rules used to combine them.

Question 13

Antonyms

Answer 13

2 forms with opposite meaning

Question 14

Gradable

Answer 14

are word pairs whose meanings are opposite and which lie on a continuous spectrum (hot, cold).

Question 15

Non-gradable

Answer 15

one that cannot be used in the comparative or superlative, or that cannot be qualified by words such as ‘very’ or ‘quite’.

Question 16

Hyponymy

Answer 16

is a semantic relation between a hyponym denoting a subtype and a hypernym or hypernym denoting a supertype.

Question 17

Prototype

Answer 17

It explains the meaning of certain words like bird not in terms of component feature (e.g. „has wings‟) but in terms of resemblance to the clearest example

Question 18

Homophony

Answer 18

the linguistic phenomenon whereby words of different origins become identical in pronunciation.

Question 19

Homography

Answer 19

is an isomorphism of projective spaces, induced by an isomorphism of the vector spaces from which the projective spaces derive.

Question 20

Polysemy

Answer 20

the coexistence of many possible meanings for a word or phrase.

Question 21

Metonymy

Answer 21

is “a figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something.”

Question 22

Collocation

Answer 22

the habitual juxtaposition of a particular word with another word or words with a frequency greater than chance.

Question 23

Analytic sentence

Answer 23

analytic sentence is one which is necessarily true, because of the senses of the words in it.

Question 24

Contradictory sentence

Answer 24

one that says two things that cannot both be true.

Question 25

Synecdoche

Answer 25

“a figure of speech by which a more inclusive term is used for a less inclusive one, or vice versa.”

Question 26

Connotation

Answer 26

an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.

Question 27

Denotation

Answer 27

the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.

Question 28

Syntagmatic

Answer 28

of or denoting the relationship between two or more linguistic units used sequentially to make well-formed structures.

Question 29

Reference or extension

Answer 29

what it corresponds to in the world

Question 30

Sense or intention

Answer 30

what we know about its meaning, whether or not we know anything about its extension, and indeed whether or not it has an extension.