25 vocabulary words

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

A study of abstract categories that organize the sound system of language.

Question 2

Phone

Answer 2

A physical realisation of a speech sound like the voiceless or the voiced alveolar approximant.

Question 3

Spectrogram

Answer 3

a graphic representation of the frequency distribution of the complex jumble of sound waves that give the hearing impression of speech sounds.

Question 4

Phoneme

Answer 4

any perceptually distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another.

Question 5

Narrow Transcription

Answer 5

captures as many aspects of a specific pronunciation as possible and ignores as few details as possible.

Question 6

Distribution

Answer 6

refers to the different positions in which a speech sound can occur or cannot occur in the words of a language.

Question 7

Complementary Distribution

Answer 7

Two sounds which are distributed in such a way that one can only occur where the other cannot occur.

Question 8

Minimal Pairs

Answer 8

two words that vary by only a single sound, usually meaning sounds that may confuse English learners. Ex wrap and lap

Question 9

Free Variation

Answer 9

is the phenomenon of two (or more) sounds or forms appearing in the same environment without a change in meaning and without being considered incorrect by native speakers.

Question 10

Neutralisation

Answer 10

refers to the fact that in a particular context, a contrast between phonemes becomes invisible.

Question 11

Final Devolving

Answer 11

a voiced phoneme has a voiceless allophone in word-final position is known in the literature.

Question 12

Velarised

Answer 12

Velarised- is a secondary articulation of consonants by which the back of the tongue is raised toward the velum during the articulation of the consonant.

Question 13

Aspiration

Answer 13

the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.

Question 14

T/D Flapping

Answer 14

Flapping of /t/ and /d/ is a prominent feature of North American English. Some linguists consider it obligatory for most American dialects to flap /t/ between a stressed and an unstressed vowel.

Question 15

Rhotic

Answer 15

adjective of or relating to a dialect of English in which the r is pronounced at the end of a syllable or before a consonant.

Question 16

Constituents

Answer 16

a word or a group of words that function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure.

Question 17

Syllabic Consonants

Answer 17

is a consonant that forms a syllable on its own, like the m, n and l in the English words rhythm, button and bottle.

Question 18

Vowel epenthesis

Answer 18

technical term for the insertion of vowels into syllables.

Question 19

Allophones

Answer 19

any of the various phonetic realizations of a phoneme in a language, which do not contribute to distinctions of meaning.

Question 20

Coda

Answer 20

postvocalic slot

Question 21

Syllabification

Answer 21

Syllabification- Assigning syllable structure to words.

Question 22

Maximal onset Principle

Answer 22

principle determining underlying syllable division.

Question 23

Sonority

Answer 23

the relative loudness of a speech sound.

Question 24

Sonority Sequencing Principle

Answer 24

a phonotactic principle that aims to outline the structure of a syllable in terms of sonority.

Question 25

Nucleus

Answer 25

the nucleus (sometimes called peak) is the central part of the syllable, most commonly a vowel. “Slot for a vowel”.