Semantics

Question 1

semantics

Answer 1

the study of meaning in language

Question 2

referent

Answer 2

the entity identified by the use of a referring expression

Question 3

extension

Answer 3

the set of all potential referents for a referring expression

Question 4

prototype

Answer 4

a typical member of the extension of a referring expression

Question 5

stereotype

Answer 5

a list of characteristics describing a prototype

Question 6

coreference

Answer 6

two linguistic expressions that refer to the same real-world entity

Question 7

anaphora

Answer 7

a linguistic expression that refers to another linguistic expression

Question 8

deixis

Answer 8

a deictic expression has one meaning but can refer to different entities depending on the speaker

Question 9

Principle of Compositionality

Answer 9

the semantic meaning of any unit of language is determined by the semantic meanings of its parts along with the way they are put together

Question 10

denotative meaning

Answer 10

the logical meaning

Question 11

connotative meaning

Answer 11

the additional or associated meaning

Question 12

social meaning

Answer 12

the meaning that a word possesses in particular social situations

Question 13

thematic meaning

Answer 13

the manner in which a message is organized for emphasis

Question 14

Theory of Naming

Answer 14

language is a communication system that works with 2 elements: the signifier and the signified

Question 15

signifier

Answer 15

a word in a language

Question 16

signified

Answer 16

object in the world that a signifier stands for or refers to

Question 17

Conceptual Theory of Meaning

Answer 17

words and things are related through the mediation of concepts of the mind

Question 18

Chomsky mentalistic theory

Answer 18

intuition and introspection must play a crucial part in our investigation of language

Question 19

Behavioristic Theory of Meaning

Answer 19

meaning in terms of context

Question 20

agent

Answer 20

the entity that performs the action

Question 21

theme

Answer 21

the entity that is involved in or affected by the action

Question 22

instrument

Answer 22

if an agent uses another entity in performing an action, that other entity takes the role of instrument

Question 23

benefactive

Answer 23

the noun or a noun phrase that refers to the person or animal who benefits, or is the benefit, from the action of the verb

Question 24

experiencer

Answer 24

seeing but not performing an action

Question 25

synonymy

Answer 25

two or more forms with very closely related meanings

Question 26

antonymy

Answer 26

two forms with opposite meanings

Question 27

hyponymy

Answer 27

when the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another

Question 28

polysemy

Answer 28

one form having multiple meanings which are all related by extension

Question 29

metonymy

Answer 29

expressions with close connection in everyday experience

Question 30

collocation

Answer 30

words that tend to occur with other words