Sem 2 W3 - Solid organ transplant - overview Flashcards
What are the different types of transplant (organ) are there?
- Heart
- Lung
- Simutaneous Pancreas and Kidney SPK (pancreas+kidney)
- Pancreas
- Kidney
- Bowel
- Multi-visceral
Describe the process of transplant
- Translplant assessment - Non -curable disease last resort for trearing a condotion
- MDT- consultant to decide appropriate to be onlist
- Allocation of list ( exclusion of list can depend on prognosis of disease)
- HLA - To test for the compattability of the organs ( genetics of organs)
What are the key aims of transplants and what are the aims of immunosuppression
1. Aim of transplant:
- Improve quality of life
- Increases life expectancy
**2- Aims of immunosuppression **
- Prevent graft rejection ( acute & chronic)
- Induction of tolerance
- Risks
- Side efffects
- Infections
- Malignancy
- Post transplant Lymphoproliferative diseases
Describe the different types of graft available and how they affect the immune response to each one
Xenografts – Transplant (graft) from another species = greatest immune response = rejection
Autograft - Trnasplant/ ( graft) from same individual different body part = No rejection
Isograft - Grafts between genetically identical people = No rejection
Allograft - Between members od same species ( can be between relatives) - response is varied dependant on histocompatability between recipient and donor ( type of organ is also important )
Describe the genes and antigens responsbile in the process of rejection
- Histocompatability genes code for histocompatability antigens
- The genes which exhibit most rejection are are the ones part of the **Major Histocompatability Complex - MHC **
- There are two types of MHC; Class 1 & MHC Class 2
Describe the function of MHC and where it can be found
There are two types: Class 1 and Class 2
Function: present antigen to T cells (as they only recognise it
when in complex with MHC molecules)
**2. ** - MHC Class 1 is in
