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SEM 1 + 2 CVS > sem 2: cardiac cycle > Flashcards

sem 2: cardiac cycle Flashcards

1
Q

what is phase 4 at SAN

A

If funny channels

hyperpolarisation will activate Na channels causing influc

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2
Q

what is phase 0 at SAN

A

depolarisation

activation of Ca channels causing influx

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3
Q

what is phase 3 at SAN

A

repolsarisation

activation of K channels causing efflux

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4
Q

what is phase 0 at muscle cells

A

Vg Na activated by depolarisation causing influx

Vg Ca starts to open slowly

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5
Q

what is phase 1 at muscle cells

A

na channels close

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6
Q

what is phase 2 in muscle cells

A

vg ca channels fully open- calcium influx
CICR
vg K start to open slowly

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7
Q

what is phase 3 in muscle cells

A

rapid repolarisation
Vg Ca close
K open fully- efflux

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8
Q

what is phase 4 in the muscle cells

A

resting phase

Na/K pump

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9
Q

what is the p wave

A

atrial depolarisation

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10
Q

what is the PR segment

A

AV nodal delay

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11
Q

what is the QRS segment

A

ventricular depolarisation

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12
Q

what is the ST segment

A

time during which ventricles are contracting and emptying

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13
Q

what is the T wave

A

ventricular repolarisation

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14
Q

what is the TP interval

A

time when ventricles are filling and relaxing

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15
Q

what are the two parts of systole

A

ventricular isovolumetric contraction

ventricular contraction and ejection

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16
Q

what is isovolumetric contraction

A

when volume doesnt change but due to contrcation, pressure increases

17
Q

what is ventricular contraction

A

pressure increases abover pulmonary and aorta and valves open

18
Q

what is isovolumetric relaxation

A

kinetic energy of blood is lost
closed chamber
pressure decreases

19
Q

what is EDV

A

volume left in ventricles after diastole (right before ejection)

20
Q

what is ESV

A

volume left after ejection of blood

21
Q

how do you calculate stroke volume

A

SV= EDV-ESV

22
Q

what is the ejection fraction

A

SV/ EDV

23
Q

what is stroke work

A

tells us amount of energy used (oxygen) during cardiac cycle

24
Q

right sided heart failure

A 
pressures in right atria raised 
less blood ejected from RV 
higher ESV 
atria pumps against greater pressure 
height of venous distention is increased
25
Q

what is S1

A

the sound of tricuspid and mitral closing at beginning of ventricular systole

26
Q

what is S2

A

sound of aortic and pulmonary closing at beginning of ventricular diastole

27
Q

what is S3

A

turbulent blood flow into ventricles

28
Q

what is S4

A

forceful atrial contraction against a stiff ventricle

SEM 1 + 2 CVS (14 decks)

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