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BMSc Anatomy > Sem 1 - Upper Limb and Back > Flashcards

Sem 1 - Upper Limb and Back Flashcards

1
Q

where are the primary curvatures

A

T and S

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2
Q

where are the secondary curvatures

A

C and L

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3
Q

How many C, T, L, S and Co vertebrae are there

A 
7C
12T
5L 
5S
4Co
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4
Q

describe C1

A

atlas
no body or spinous process
anterior and posterior arches with tubercles
superior articular facet with occiput

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5
Q

describe C2

A

axis
dens/odontoid process
atlas rotates on flat superior facets allowing for rotation on a flat surface

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6
Q

describe C3-7

A

uncinate process around lat margin of body
bifid spinous process
foramen transversarium for vertebral artery
anterior and posterior tubercles with groove for spinal nerve

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7
Q

describe T1-T12

A

costal facets for articulation with ribs

long sloping spinous process

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8
Q

desribe L1-L5

A

kidney bean shaped body
accessory process on transverse process
mamillary process on superior articular facet

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9
Q

describe S1-S5

A

fuse together to form the sacrum
anterior surface = smooth
posterior surface = median crest (spinous porcess equivalent), intermediate crest (articular process equivalent), lateral crest (transverse process equivalent)

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10
Q

describe Co1-Co4

A

small and triangular

coccygeal cornu = superior projections

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11
Q

what are the joints in the vertebral column

A

between vertebral bodies = IV discs - 2ndry cartillagninous joints
between articular processes = zygopophysial joints - plane synovial joint

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12
Q

desribe the make up of the IV disc

A

annulus fibrosis = made of concentric laminae

nucleus pulposis = allows disc to change shape and move

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13
Q

what are the 5 superficial extrinsic muscles of the back

A

trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, levator scapulae

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14
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of trapezius in its parts

A

descending part = Medial 1/3 superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance
transverse part = nuchal ligament attached to C1-6, spinous processes C7-T3
ascensing part = spinous processes of T4-T12

To:
descending part = lateral clavicle
Transverse = acromion and spine of scapula
descending = spine of scapula

Spinal accesory nerve (CN XI)
rotates and retracts the scapula

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15
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of latissimus dorsi

A

spinous processes T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs
To edge of bicipital groove of humerus
thoracodorsal nerve C6-8
Medially rotates and adducts humerus, extends arm backwards

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16
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of rhomboid major

A

spinous process T2-5
To medial border of scapula
Dorsal scapular nevre C4,5
retract scapula

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17
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of rhomboid minor

A

nuchal ligament, spinous process C7, T1
To medial border of scapula above spine
dorsal scapular neve C4,5
Retract scapula

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18
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of levator scapulae

A

posterior tubercles transverse processes C1-4
To medial border of scpaula
cervical nerves C3,4 and dorsal scapular nerve C4,5
raise scapula

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19
Q

what are the 2 intermediate extrinsic muscles of the back?

A

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior

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20
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of serratus posterior superior

A

nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T3
To superior border of ribs 2-4
Intercostal nerves 2-5
Raise ribs

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21
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of serratus posterior inferior

A

spinous process T11-L2
To inferior border ribs 8-12 (near angle)
anterior rami T9-T12
depress ribs

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22
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the back?

A

Splenius capitus, splenius cervicis, iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis, semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores, levator costarum, interspinale and intertranvsersarii

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23
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of splenius capitis

A

nuchal ligament and spinous process C7- T3/4
To mastoid process and lateral 1/3 superior nuchal line
posterior spinal nerve
maintain posture and control VC movement

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24
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of splenius cervicis

A

nuchal ligament and spinous process C7 to T3/4
To tubercles of transverse process C1 to T3/4
posterior spinal nerve
maintain posture and control VC movement

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25
Q

parts, insertion, innervation and action of iliocostalis

A

lumborum, thoracic, cervicis
To angles of lower ribs, cervical transverse processes
posterior spinal nerve
maintain posture and control VC movement

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26
Q

what is the origin of the erector spinae muscles

A 
Posterior iliac crest
Posterior sacrum
Sacroiliac ligament
Superior processes of sacral and lower lumbar vertebrae
Supraspinous ligament
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27
Q

parts, insertion, innervation and action of longissimus

A

thoracis, cervicis, capitis
To ribs between tubercles and angles, thoracic and cercial transverse processes, mastoid process
posterior spinal nerve
maintain posture and control VC movement

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28
Q

parts, insertion, innervation and action of spinalis

A

thoracis, cervicis, capitis
To upper thoracic spinous process and cranium
posterior spinal nerve
maintain posture and control VC movement

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29
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of semispinalis

A

transverse process C4-T12
occipital bone, thoracic and cervical spinous processes
posterior spinal nerve
maintain posture and control VC movement

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30
Q

describe multifidus

A

superomedial to spinous processes of 2-4 vertebrae above

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31
Q

describe rotatores

A

superomedial to junction of lamina and transverse process 1 or 2 vertebrae above
rotation

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32
Q

describe levator costarum, interspinale and intertransversarii

A

levator costarum = T region
Interspinale = C and L region
Intertransversarii = C and L region

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33
Q

origin, insertion, structure and function of anterior longitudinal ligament

A

skull base
To sacrum
3 layers of dense collagen fibres with deep binding vertebrae and superficial spanning segments
limit extension

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34
Q

origin, insertion, structure and function of posterior longitudinal ligament

A

C2
To sacrum
attach to IV discs and VB, found within the vertebral canal
prevents IV disc herniation (weakly limits flexion)

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35
Q

origin, insertion, structure and function of ligamenta flava

A

connect laminae of adjacent vertebrae
elastic fibres help to maintain curvatures
reinforce walls of VC posteriorly, limit flexion

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36
Q

origin, insertion and structure of interspinous ligament

A

connects adjacent spinous processes

thin, weak and membranous

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37
Q

origin, insertion and structure of supraspinous ligament

A

C7
To sacrum
connects tips of the spinous processes

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38
Q

origin, insertion and structure of intertransverse ligament

A

connects adjacent transverse processes
cervical = scattered firbes
thoracic = fiborus
lumbar = membranous

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39
Q

origin, insertion, structure and function of nuchal ligament

A

external occipital protuberance, posterior border foramen magnum, spinous process C1-7
Thickened fibroelastic tissue, continuous with the supraspinous ligament
Muscle attachment and limits flexion

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40
Q

what level is the conus medularis

A

L1/2

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41
Q

what level is the cercial enlargment of the spinal cord

A

C4-T1

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42
Q

what level is the lumbosacral enlargment of the spinal

A

L1-S3

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43
Q

what is the cauda equina

A

L and S roots that extend beyond the level of the conus medularis

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44
Q

what is the filum terminale

A

remnant of the caudal parts of the spinal cord

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45
Q

describe the layers of the spinal meninges

A

dura mater > epidural space > arachnoid mater > subarachnoid space > pia mater > denticulate ligaments

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46
Q

describe the spinal dura mater

A

tough outer coating, attaches to the coccyx by filum terminale, lateral extensions cover nerve roots

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47
Q

desribe the epidural space

A

internal vertebral venous plexus

epidural fat

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48
Q

describe the spinal arachnoid mater

A

delicate membranous lining dura

arachnoid trabeculae connect arachnoid to pia

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49
Q

describe the subarachnoid space

A

filled with CSF

enlarges around conus medularis to form the lumbar cistern

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50
Q

describe the denticulate ligaments

A

run on either side of the bord between the posterior and anterior
suspend cord in the dural sac

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51
Q

describe the arterial supply to the spinal cord

A

1x anterior spinal artery
2x posterior spinal artery
supported by segmental medullary arteries
radicular artery to the nerve roots

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52
Q

describe the venous drainage of the spinal cord

A

3x anterior spinal veins
3x posterior spinal veins
drained by medullary and radicular veins
join to the internal vertebral venous plexus in epidural space

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53
Q

what are the bones of the pectoral girdle

A

scapula, clavicle and humerus

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54
Q

where does the coracohumeral ligament lie

A

greater tubercle to the coracoid process

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55
Q

where does the transverse humeral ligament lie

A

between greater and lesser tubercles to hold biceps tendon in place

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56
Q

where do the glenohumeral ligaments lie

A

lesser tubercle to glenoid cavity

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57
Q

what are the clavicular ligaments

A 
acromioclavicular
coracoacromial
coracoclavicular
anterior and posterior sternoclavicular
costoclavicular
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58
Q

what is the blood supply to the scapula

A

thyrocervical trunk and axillary artery

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59
Q

where does the dorsal scapular artery run

A

medial border of scapula and anastomoses with suprascapular and subscapular artery branches

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60
Q

where does the subscapular artery run from and what does it supply

A

from thoracodorsal artery supplying muscles of the lateral border of the scapula

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61
Q

what are the borders of the quadrangular space

A 
Sup = teres minor
Inf = teres major
Med = long head of triceps brachii 
Lat = humerus
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62
Q

what are the borders of the triangular space

A 
Sup = teres major 
Med = long head of triceps brachii
Lat = humerus
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63
Q

what are the muscles of the pectoral girdle

A

trapezius, rhomboids, levator scapulae, pectoralis major and minor, serratus anterior, deltoid, teres major, subclavius

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64
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of pectoralis major

A

clavicle, costal cartilage ribs 1-6, sternum
To outer lip of bicipital groove of humerus
Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) and lateral pectoral nerve (C5-7)
Flexion and adduction of arm, medial rotation of humerus

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65
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of pectoralis minor

A

ribs 3,4,5
To coracoid process of scapula
medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
pulls shoulder anteriorly

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66
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of serratus anterior

A

outer surface ribs 1-8
To superior and inferior angles and medial border of the scapula
Long thoracic nerve (C5,6,7)
protraction of scapula

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67
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of deltoid

A 
lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula 
To deltoid tuberosity 
Axillary nerve (C5,6)
Post fibres = extension and lateral rotation 
Ant fibres = flexion and medial rotation 
All = abduction beyond 10 degrees
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68
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of teres major

A

lateral border of scapula
To medial lip of bicipital groove
Subscpaular branch of the posterior cord
adduction and medial rotation of arm

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69
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of subclavius

A

sternal end of the 1st rib
To middle 1/3 underside of clavicle
Nerve to subclavius C5,6
draws clavicle down and dorwards during abduction

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70
Q

what are the rotator cuff muscles

A

Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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71
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of subscapularis

A

subscapular fossa
Lesser tubercle of humerus
upper and lower subscapular nerves C5,6,7
medial rotation of arm

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72
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of supraspinatus

A

supraspinous fossa
to greater tubercle of humerus - upper facet
Suprascapular nevre C5,6
abducts arm first 10-15 degrees

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73
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of infraspinatus

A

infraspinous fossa
greater tubercle of humerus - middle facet
suprascapular nerve C5,6
lateral rotation of arm

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74
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of teres minor

A

upper 2/3 lateral border of scapula
To greater tubercle of humerus - lower facet
axillary nerve C5,6
lateral rotation arm

75
Q

describe the clavicopectoral fascia

A

encloses subclavius and pectoralis minor
forms suspesnory ligaments to the fascia of the floor of the axilla
pierced by cephallic vein, thoracoacromial artery and lateral pectoral nerve

76
Q

what are the boundaries of the axilla

A 
ant = pectoralis major and minor, subclavius and fascia
floor = skin extending into arm 
roof = rib 1, clavicle and scapula
post = subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, long head of triceps brachii
lat = humerus
med = serratus anterior and wall of thorax
77
Q

describe the axillary vein

A

basilic vein > axillary vein + cephallic vein > subclavian vein

78
Q

axillary artery parts and branches

A 
1 = prox to pec minor - superior thoracic artery 
2 = post to pec minor- thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic artery 
3 = distal to pec minor - subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex arteries
79
Q

desribe the lymph flow of the axilla

A 
humeral = post to axillary vein = upper limb 
pectoral = inf margin pec minor = thorax and breast 
subscapular = post axillary wall = back shoulders and neck 
central = axillary fat = main communication 
apical = sup margin pec minor = drain other nodes and breast
80
Q

what roots form the brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

81
Q

what roots form the superior trunk

A

C5-C6

82
Q

what roots form the middle trunk

A

C7

83
Q

what roots form the inferior trunk

A

C8-T1

84
Q

what nerve roots from the lateral cord

A

C5-7

85
Q

what nerve roots from the posterior cord

A

C5-T1

86
Q

what nerve roots from the medial cord

A

C8-T1

87
Q

what are the terminal branches of the lateral cord

A

musculocutaneous nerve
lateral pectoral
lateral root of median

88
Q

what are the terminal branches of the posterior cord

A

radial
axillary
subscapular
thoracodorsal

89
Q

what are the terminal branches of the middle cord

A

ulnar
medial pectoral
medial cutaneous arm and foream
medial root of median

90
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis

91
Q

what nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the arm

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)

92
Q

what action does the anterior compartment of the arm carry out

A

flexion of arm

93
Q

origin, insertion and action of biceps brachii

A

long head = supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head = coracoid process
To radial tuberosity
long head = prevent anterior disloation of humerus
short head = resist dislocation
whole = weak flexion of arm and supination

94
Q

origin, insertion and action of coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process
To medial midshaft humerus
flex and adduct arm at glenohumeral joint
pierced by musclocutaneous nerve

95
Q

origin, insertion and action of brachialis

A

distal humerus
To ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
Flex elbow
lat fibres supplied by radial nerve

96
Q

what muscle is in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

triceps brachii

97
Q

origin, insertion and action of triceps brachii

A

long head = infraglenoid tubercle
medial head = posterior surface shaft of humerus
lateral head = humerus superior to radial groove
To olecranon
extends elbow, long head resists dislocation

98
Q

describe the brachial artery

A

continuation of axillary after inf border of teres major

branches - profunda brachii (to radial collateral), ulnar collateral

99
Q

what artery forms the common interosseous artery

A

ulnar artery

100
Q

what vein goes deeper cephallic or basilic

A

basilic

101
Q

what vein is more medial cephalic or bascilic

A

basilic

102
Q

where does the cephalic vein lie

A

deltopectoral groove

103
Q

describe the courses of the nerves in the arm

A 
median = middle of cubital fossa with brachial artery 
musculocutaneius = under biceps 
radial = lateral intermusclar septum 
ulnar = medial intermusclar septum
104
Q

what is the common flexor origin

A

medial epicondyle

105
Q

what is the common extensor origin

A

lateral epiconydle

106
Q

what does the capitulum articulate with

A

radius (lateral)

107
Q

what does the trochlea articulate with

A

ulna (medial)

108
Q

what are the boundaries of the cubital fossa

A 
lat = brachioradialis 
med = pronator teres 
roof = skin, fascia and bicipital aponeurosis 
floor = brachialis and suppinator
109
Q

what are the contents of the cubital fossa from medial to lateral

A

median nerve
bifurcation of the brachial artery
tendon of biceps brachii

110
Q

what is the communication between the basilic and cephalic veins called

A

median cubital vein

111
Q

where does the medial cutaneous nerve arise from

A

medial cord

112
Q

where does the lateral cutaneous nerve arise from

A

musculocutenous nerve

113
Q

what kind of joint is the elbow joint

A

synovial hinge joint

114
Q

what are the ligaments associated with the elbow

A

medial and lateral collateral, annular ligament

115
Q

what elbow ligament has 3 parts

A

medial = anterior, posterior and oblique

116
Q

is the radius or ulna more lateral

A

radius

117
Q

what is between the radius and ulna

A

interosseous membrane

118
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A 
palmaris longus 
flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris 
flexor carpi superficialis and profundus 
flexor pollicis longus
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
119
Q

what is the main nerve contributing to the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

median nerve

120
Q

what is the main action of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

flexors and pronators

121
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of palmaris longus

A

medial epicondyle
To palmar fascia
Median nerve C7, C8
tightens aponeurosis to aid with wrist flexion

122
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of pronator teres

A

medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
To lateral radius
median nerve C6,7
pronation

123
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle
To base of 2nd metacarpal
Median nerve C6,7
Abduct wrist

124
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

medial epicondyle
To base of pisiform, hamate and 5th metacarpal
Ulnar nerve C7,8
Adduct wrist

125
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
To middle phalanges
median nerve C7,8 T1
Flex MCP, PIP and wrist

126
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digitorum profundus

A

ulna and interosseous membrane
To distal phlanges
Ring and little finger = ulnar nerve C8-T1
Index and middle finger = median C8, T1, anterior interosseous
Flex MCP, PIP, DIP and wrist

127
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor pollicis longus

A

radius and interossseous membrane
To base of distal pahalnx of thumb
median nerve C8, T1, anterior interosseous
Flex MCP and IP of thumb

128
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of pronator quadratus

A

distal anterior ulna
To distal anterior radius
Median nerve C8, T1, anterior interosseous
pronation and stabalaise distal radioulnar joint

129
Q

what muscle does the median nevre pass through the heads of?

A

pronator teres

130
Q

what are the bones in the distal row of the wrist from medial to lateral

A

hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

131
Q

what are the bones in the proximal row of the wrist from medial to lateral

A

triquetral on top of pisifom, lunate, scaphoid

132
Q

what are the attachments of the flexor retinaculum

A 
Medial = pisiform and hook of hamate bone 
Lateral = tubercle of scaphoid and side of trapezium
133
Q

where does the septum from the flexor retinaculum form and for what tendon

A

formed by an attachment to trapezium

allows for tendon flexor carpi radialis

134
Q

is the radius or ulna more articulate with the bones of the wrist

A

radius

ulna has an additional articular disc to help it

135
Q

what is the flexor retinaculum

A

connective tissue forming bands on the anterior and posterior sufaces of th ewrist

136
Q

what are the contents of the carpal tunnel

A

5x FDS
5x FDP
1x FPL
median nerve

137
Q

how do the ulnar artery and nerve enter the hand

A

pass over the tunnel reaching palmar surface of hand

138
Q

how does the radial nerve enter the hand

A

from post compartment of forearm and then goes over the roof of the anatomical suffbox as a sensory branch to the dorsum of the hand

139
Q

how does the radial artery enter the hand

A

passes along the lateral side of the anterior compartment of the forearm and through the floor or the anatomical snuffbox between the adductor heads

140
Q

what are the two muscles that lie on the posterior compartment of the forearm but act on the elbow

A

anconeus and brachioradialis

141
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of anconeus

A

lateral epicondyle
To olecranon
radial nerve C7-8, T1
extension of elbow

142
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of brachioradialis

A

distal humerus
radius proximal to the styloid process
Radial nerve C5,6,7 (before the divisions)
flex elbow

143
Q

what are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum, digiti minimi and indicis
extensor pollicis longus and brevis
abductor pollicis longus
supinator

144
Q

what is the nerve that supplies the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

radial nerve

145
Q

what is the main action of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

extension and supination

146
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

distal humerus
To base of 2nd metacarpal
radial nerve C6,7 pre division
extend wrist and adduct

147
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

lateral epicondyle
To base of 3rd metacarpal
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extend wrist and abduct

148
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

lateral epicondyle
To base of 5th metacarpal
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extend and abduct wrist

149
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor digitorum

A

lateral epicondyle
To dorsal expansion of digits 2-5
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extends MCP, PIP, DIP of digits 2-5, extends wrist

150
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor digiti minimi

A

lateral epicondyle
To dorsal expansion of digit 5
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extends MCP, PIP, DIP of digit 5, extends wrist

151
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor indicis

A

posterior surface ulna
To dorsal expansion of digit 2
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extends MCP, PIP, DIP of index finger and extends wrist

152
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor pollicis longus

A

ulna and interosseous membrane
To base of distal phalanx of thumb
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extends CMC, MCP, IP and wrist

153
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of extensor pollicis brevis

A

radius and interosseous membrane
To base of proximal phalanx of thumb
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
extends CMC, MCP

154
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of abductor pollicis longus

A

radius and interosseous membrane and ulna
To base of 1st metacarpal
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
abducts thumb and extends CMC, wrist

155
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of supinator

A

crest of ulna, lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligament
To lateral radius
radial nerve C7,8 posterior interosseous
supination of forearm

156
Q

what forearm muscles come of the medial epicondyle

A 
palmaris longus 
pronator teres 
flexor carpi radialis 
flexor carpi ulnaris 
flexor digitorum superficialis
157
Q

what forearm muscles come of the lateral epicondyle

A 
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum 
extensor digiti minimi 
supinator 
anconeus
158
Q

what are the two branches of the radial nerve

A 
superficial = sensory dorsal digital branches 
deep = motor
159
Q

what are the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox

A 
lateral = extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus 
medial = extensor pollicis longus 
roof = branches of superficial radial nerve and cephallic vein 
floor = scaphoid, trapezium and 1st metacarpal base
160
Q

what are the digital expansions

A

strong connective tussue that allows the long flexors and short muscles of the hand to act on all three parts

161
Q

what are the tendons of the posterior wrist from lateral to medial

A

abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor indicis and extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris

162
Q

what is the function of the palmar aponeurosis

A

protect vessels and along with palmaris longus aid in wrist flexion

163
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of palmaris brevis

A

palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
To dermis
ulnar nerve C8, T1 - superficial branch
aids in gripping

164
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

scaphoid and trapezium
To base of proximal phalanx of thumb
median nerve C8,T1 - recurrent branch
CMC joint abduction

165
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

flexor retinaculum, capitate and trapezium
To base of proximal phalanx of thumb
median nerve (recurrent branch) and ulnar nerve C8, T1
CMC joint flexion

166
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of opponens pollicis

A

trapezium
To 1st metacarpal
median nerve (recurrent branch) C8, T1
CMC joint opposition

167
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of adductor pollicis

A 
transverse head = 3rd metacarpal
oblique head = capitate and 2-3 metacarpal
To base of proximal phalanx of thumb 
ulnar nerve (deep branch) C8, T1
Adduction of CMC joint of thumb
168
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of abductor digiti minimi

A

pisiform
To base of 5th metacarpal and dorsal digital expansion
ulnar nerve (deep branch) C8, T1
abduction and flexion MCP of little finger

169
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of flexor digiti minimi

A

hamate, flexor retinaculum
To base of 5th proximal phalanx
ulnar nerve (deep branch) C8, T1
flex MCP joint of little finger

170
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of opponens digiti minimi

A

hamate and flexor retinaculum
To 5th metacarpal
ulnar nerve (deep branch) C8, T1
weak opposition of little finger

171
Q

origin, insertion, innervation and action of lumbricals from the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

A

1-2 unipennate, 3-4 bipennate
dorsal digital expansion
1-2 median nerve (digital branch, C8, T1), 3-4 ulnar nerve (deep branch C8, T1)
MCP joint flexion and IP extension digits 2-4

172
Q

how many, origin, insertion, innervation and action of palmar interossei

A

3
1= 2nd metacapral, 2= 4th metacarpal, 3= 5th metacarpal
To base of respective metacarpal
Ulnar nerve (deep branch, C8-T1)
adduct fingers towards the midline finger

173
Q

how many, origin, insertion, innervation and action of dorsal interossei

A

4
1= 2nd proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
2-3= 3rd proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion
4= 4th proximal phalax and dorsla expansion
ulnar nerve (deep branch, C8,T1)
abduct fingers, MCP flexion and IP extension

174
Q

what artery forms majority of the superficial palmar arch

A

ulnar artery

175
Q

what artery forms majority of the deep palmar arch

A

radial artery

176
Q

what artery forms the princeps pollicis artery

A

radial artery

177
Q

what is the distribution of median nerve supply in the hand

A 
Motor = abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis,  1-2 lumbricals 
Sensory = lateral side of palm, palmar thumb, lateral 2.5 digits palmar and over finger tips round down to the DIP/IP joints dorsally
178
Q

what is the distribution of ulnar nerve supply in the hand

A 
Motor = palmaris brevis, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi, lumbrials 3-4, adductor pollicis, palmar interossei, dorsal interossei 
Sensory = medial palm and medial 1.5 fingers palmar and dorsally
179
Q

what is the distribution of radial nerve supply in the hand

A

Sensory = thenar eminance, lateral side of dorsum of hand up to DIP/IP joint

180
Q

what nerve root is the badge patch area

A

C5

181
Q

what nerve root is the pad of thumb

A

C6

182
Q

what nerve root is the pad of middle finger

A

C7

183
Q

what nerve root is the pad of little finger

A

C8

184
Q

what nerve root is the medial side of elbow

A

T1

BMSc Anatomy (2 decks)

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