Self-report techniques Flashcards

1
Q

Questionnaires

A

Are made up of a pre-set list of written questions (or items) to which a participant responds.
They can be used as part of an experiment to assess the DV

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2
Q

What is one strength of questionnaires?

A

Can be distributed to lots of people.
Gather large amounts of data quickly and researcher need not be present when completed.
Reduces the effort involved and makes questionnaires cost effective.

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3
Q

What is a second strength of questionnaires?

A

Straightforward to analyse.
Especially if closed, fixed choice questions are used.
Statistical data can easily be converted to graphs and used for comparison.

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4
Q

What is one limitation of questionnaires?

A

Response may not always be truthful.
Respondents tend to present themselves in a positive light.
Thus social desirability bias is possible.

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5
Q

What is a second limitation of questionnaires?

A

Response bias.
Respondents may favour a particular kind of response.
This means that all respondents tend to reply in a similar way.

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6
Q

Interviews

A

Face to face or online interaction between an interviewer and interviewee.

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7
Q

Structured interview

A

List of pre-determined questions asked in a fixed order.

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8
Q

What is a strength of structured interviews?

A

Easy to replicate.
Straightforward to replicate because of standardised format.
The format also reduces differences between interviews.

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9
Q

What is a limitation of structured interviews?

A

Interviewers cannot elaborate.
Interviewers cannot deviate from the topic or explain their questions.
This may limit the richness of data collected.

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10
Q

Unstructured interview

A

No set questions, there is a general topic to be discussed but the interaction is free-flowing and the interviewee is encouraged to elaborate.

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11
Q

What is a strength of unstructured interviews?

A

There is greater flexibility.
Unlike a structured interview, points can be followed up as they arise.
More likely to gain insight into interviewee’s worldview and collect unexpected information.

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12
Q

What is a limitation of unstructured interviews?

A

Increased risk of interviewer bias.
Closer dialogue between interviewer and interviewee.
Means more opportunity for unconscious cues.

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13
Q

Semi-structured interviews

A

List of questions that have been worked out in advance but interviewers ask further questions based on previous answers.

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