Self Report, Questionnaires, Interviews Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an interview?

A
  • method of gathering data through asking questions
  • involved conversational exchange between interviewer and one or more other individuals
  • useful in gathering detailed information and enabling flexible approach to questioning
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2
Q

what is an unstructured interview?

A
  • less rigid
  • interviewer may have some idea of the issues they want to explore
  • questions not decided in advance
  • questions form tend to be result of previous response given
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2
Q

what is meant by interviewer effects?

A
  • may cause different responses
  • the effects the interviewer has on the participants in the interview
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2
Q

what is a semi-structured interview?

A
  • some prepared questions by interviewer which are supplemented by additional questions formed during the interview
  • provide additional opportunities for interviewee to expand answers
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2
Q

what happens if closed questions are used in a structures interview?

A

quantitative data is gained

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2
Q

what data is an unstructured interview likely to produce?

A

qualitative data

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3
Q

what are the strengths of using an unstructured interview method?

A
  • rich detail
  • can identify emerging themes for future research
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3
Q

what is a structured interview?

A
  • questions decided in advance
  • may be “closed” (set responses e.g. agree/disagree) or “open” ( any response can be given)
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3
Q

what are the strengths of using a structured interview method?

A
  • less time consuming
  • easy to analyse - more predictable answers
  • easily repeated
  • quicker to gather much more data
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4
Q

what are the limitations of using a structured interview method?

A
  • not rich in detail
  • hard to compare if interviewer acts differently on different occasions - low reliability
  • interviewers expectations may influence answers
  • vulnerable to social desirability bias
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5
Q

what are the limitations of using an unstructured interview method?

A
  • time consuming
  • difficult to analyse - large amount of results
  • require more skills
  • expensive to produce - hiring well trained interviewers
  • in depth questions may lack objectivity then predetermined questions
  • vulnerable to social desirability bias
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6
Q

what is a survey/questionnaire?

A

asking a large sample of people on a specific topic at a specific point in time
- researcher must select representative sample if they want to make generalisations of their findings

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7
Q

what are the different ways of designing questionnaires?

A

they can be open or close (like interviews)

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8
Q

what is a pilot study?

A
  • small, trial versions of proposed studies to test their effectiveness and make improvements
  • helpful in identifying potential issues early
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9
Q

what are the evaluation points of a structured interview?

A
  • quick so gather more data
  • easy to analyse
  • different interviewer style might make comparison of results difficult
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10
Q

what are the evaluation points of an unstructured interview?

A
  • quality/rich data
  • interviewer might “lead” interviewee (interviewer bias)
  • must be skilled interviewer (costly)
  • may be vulnerable to social desirability bias
11
Q

what are the different self report techniques?

A

questionnaires
interviews (structured/unstructured)