Self-recognition

Question 1

What two errors did Gallup and Kenan make?

Answer 1

1. Said that primates possess self-awareness (SA) because a.) they exhibit mirror self-recognition (MSR), and b.) they can make inferences about others’ mental states (Theory-of-mind (ToM))
2. Said that the right hemisphere of the human brain represents the neurological seat of SA because MSR and ToM tasks typically increase activity in that hemisphere.

Question 2

Why were the following two conclusions by Gallup and Keenan incorrect?

Answer 2

1. Primates do not possess full-blown introspective self-awareness (SA).
2. SA is most probably located in both hemispheres of the brain.

Question 3

True or false: Self-processes are intimately associated with language and inner speech.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Metacognition

Answer 4

Knowledge of one’s thinking processes. Thinking about thinking.

Question 5

Uncertainty responding (UR)

Answer 5

Knowing that one does not know or might not remember something is one way to test presence or absence of (at least some) metacognitive abilities.

Question 6

What 2 things do we do when we are uncertain?

Answer 6

1. Differ/decline response and/or
2. Seeking information