Self, Family, and Peers Flashcards
Conceptions of the self: what age is when children focus on concrete and observable characteristics, see one dimension at a time and have unrealistic positives
Age 3-4
Conceptions of the self: when do children see more than one dimension at a time, begin to rely on objective performance (through social comparison), but still unrealistically positive (connect this with peers)
Middle to late primary school
Conceptions of the self: what age is when they have variety of selves
Adolescence
What happens during early adolescence
personal fable: only you understand how you feel
imaginary audience: belief that everyone is focused on you
What happens during middle teens
frustrated by their own behaviour and characteristics
different varieties of myself
What happens during late adolescence and early adulthood
self become more integrated
reflect internalized personal values, beliefs and standards
What stage of Erikson’s theory: if they can’t trust, they can’t form close relationships later in life
Basic trust vs mistrust (1)
What stage of Erikson’s theory: independence, maturing cognitively, better motor skills, hand coordination
parents play role in controlling this age
important to keep child’s self esteem by supporting and not to be too strict
Autonomy vs shame & doubt (1-3.5)
What stage of Erikson’s theory: want to be like their parents, don’t want to disappoint
Initiatie vs guilt (4-6)
What stage of Erikson’s theory: competence vs excessive feelings of inadequacy
mastering cognitive and social skills: gain competence
If they feel unsuccessful: feel inadequacy
Industry vs inferiority (6 to puberty)
What stage of Erikson’s theory: try to resolve who they really are
Identity vs role confusion (adolescence - early adult)
during identity vs role confusion stage, what happens if they are successful in resolving who they are
identity achievement
during identity vs role confusion stage, what is it called when they are depressed - feel of isolation
identity confusion
during identity vs role confusion stage, what is it called when they have to be something they don’t want to be
identity foreclosure
during identity vs role confusion stage, what is it called when they represent opposite value of people around them
negative identity
during identity vs role confusion stage, what is called when they don’t put in any effort
identity diffusion
What is called during a time out period where adolescent is not expected to take on adult rules, allow self discovery
psychosocial moratorium
Influence of identity formation
parenting style, own behaviours (drugs, alcohol, etc), social context, historical context
Functions of families
- survival of offspring - keep the child alive
- economic function - fees you pay that help with cognitive of the child
- cultural training - the culture they are teaching them
What is socialization
process of how child acquires values, beliefs, skills, knowledge and behaviours
Parent’s role: direct instructors
telling child to do stuff
Parent’s role: indirect socializers
being indirect about something a child does that child notices
Parent’s role: social managers
control environment their child is exposed to
what are the four parental behaviours
- Authoritativep: high demandingness and supportiveness
- Authoritarian: high in demandingness and low supportiveness
- permissive: low in demandingess and high in supportiveness
- uninvolved: low in demandingess and supportiveness
