Intelligence and Academic Achievement Flashcards
looking at intelligence tasks: the results are correlated to each other such as school grades, info processing speed, knowledge of non-studied subjects, speed of neural transmission
General intelligence (g)
Word fluency, verbal meaning, reasoning, spatial visualization, numbering, memory, perceptual speed –> what are these
Primary mental abilities - Thurstone
Factual knowledge, things we learn in class
cyrstallized intelligence
Ability to think on the spot, when problem solving
fluid intelligence
Carroll’s model that places g at the top of the intelligence hierarchy, eight moderately general abilities in the middle, and many specific processes at the bottom
three-stratum theory of intelligence
when do stability increase
- academic performance is valuable
- parent takes interest in success
- parent use authoritative style
What factors influence intelligence
- genotype-environment interaction
- immediate environment (family)
- schools
- society
- cultural differences
genotype-environment interaction: what effect is it when children overlap with parents’ interests (mom likes to read)
passive effects
genotype-environment interaction: what effect is it when children influence others’ behaviours (parent puts child in dance class because they said they like dancing)
evocative effects
genotype-environment interaction: what effect is it when children choose the things they enjoy and pursue it themselves
active effects
Flynn effect
consistent rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over the past 80 years in many countries
what programs increase self esteem, motivation, classroom behaviour, parenting skills, and communication.
Usually schools try to build this in their curriculum
intervention programs
Who discusses “theory of multiple intelligences” - different scores in different children in the different domains
- 8 types of intelligence: linguistic, logical mathematical, spatial, musical, naturalistic, bodily kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal
- child learns best with instructions to build their strengths
Gardner
Who discusses “Theory of successful intelligence” - the ability to achieve success in life
- 3 types of ability: analytic, practical, creative
Sternberg
What are the stages of Reading development by Jeanne Chall
NOT RIGID
0. birth-1st grade: phonemic awareness, reading
1. 1st-2nd: phonological recoding skills (letters to sounds and sounding them out)
2. 2nd-3rd: fluency in reading simple material
3. 4th-8th: new info through print
4. 8th-12th: coordinating multiple perspectives
