Self Defence and Self affirmation Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain ‘positive illusions’, and name the theorists

A
Taylor and Brown 1988 - 
high self esteem results in:
-unrealistic positive views of self 
-exaggerated perceptions of personal control
-unrealistic optimism
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2
Q

describe a critique of the ‘positive illusion’

A

colvin and block 1994 -
research on uni students in north america in lab settings
are they really illusions? reality is defined by the experimenter. it is subjective
depression has been linked to negativity, not accuracy
these benefits have only been studied short-term, not long term

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3
Q

describe a study researching self-esteem and aggression

A

baumeister, smart, boden 1996-

-no evidence of ‘low self esteem’ in violent perpetrators

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4
Q

describe stability as a factor for self-esteem- include a study

A

kernis, granneman, barclay 1989

  • self report
  • no relationship between self esteem and hostility until stability was taken into account
  • highest hostility = high, unstable self esteem
  • lowest hostility = high, stable self esteem
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5
Q

define narcissism

A

an inflated view of the self
extreme levels of and unstable self esteem
increased sensitivity to ego threats
disregard for others

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6
Q

describe a study researching aggression and narcissism

A

bushman and baumeister 1998
p’s wrote pro-choise or pro-life essays
essays feedbacked - manipulation of ego threat
opportunity to agress with blasts of noise in a competitive task
found that higher levels of narcissism = higher aggression, and when they received ego-threat
self esteem level didn’t predict aggression

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7
Q

what is the self-affirmation theory?

A

describes how people are motivated to reaffirm a sense of personal integrity when it is threatened
-threats to self may promote defensiveness

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8
Q

describe a study supporting the self-affirmation theory

A

reed and aspinwall 1998

self affirmed participants rated risk confirming info as more convincing than non-affirmed participants

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