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Self and personality Flashcards

1
Q

Which self modifies itself in the context of socio-cultural envirnment?

A

Biological self

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2
Q

What is the notion of self efficacy based on?

A

Bandura’s social learning theory

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3
Q

What are western and asian cultures characterised as based on the dichomoties between individual and group?

A

Western culture if recognized as individualistic and asian culture is characterised as collectivistic.

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4
Q

Cross-situational consistencies of traits are high. True or false?

A

False. Cross-situational consistencies are low.

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5
Q

Which are the two typologies in charak samhita?

A

Tridosha and Trigunas.

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6
Q

Who proposed the typology based on fluid in our body?

A

Hippocrates

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7
Q

What are the four types in Hippocrates typology?

A

Sanguine, melancholic, phlegmatic, choleric

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8
Q

What are the three types of tridoshas?

A

Vata, Pitta, and Kapha

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9
Q

what are the three types of trigunas?

A

Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas

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10
Q

Name the three types in Sheldon’s typology.

A

Endomorphic, Mesomorphic, Ectomorphic

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11
Q

What were Friedman and Rosenman trying to identify when they discovered Type-A and type-B personality types?

A

Psychosocial risk factors

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12
Q

Who suggested the type-C personality?

A

Morris

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13
Q

Who is considered the pioneer of trait approach?

A

Gordon Allport

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14
Q

According to Gordon Allport, what is the nature of traits?

A

Dynamic nature

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15
Q

Who used factor analysis to derive his theory?

A

Raymond Catell

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16
Q

name the test developed by Raymond Catell.

A

Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire(16PF)

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17
Q

Who proposed a theory stating that personality can be reduced into dimensions based on biology and genetics?

A

HJ Eysenck

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18
Q

Name the two psychologists who came up with the Big Five Factors.

A

Paul Costa and Robert McCrae

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19
Q

Which is the most empirical approach in the study of personality?

A

Five-Factor Model of Personality

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20
Q

On which principle does id function?

A

Pleasure principle

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21
Q

Which principle governs the ego?

A

Reality principle

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22
Q

How does the superego control the id?

A

By internalising the parental authority through the process of socialisation.

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23
Q

Which forces energise the id?

A

Life instinct and death instinct

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24
Q

According to Frued, if a person considers the world a bitter place then on which stage of personality development that did that person endure difficulties?

A

Oral stage

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25
What conflict does the anal stage establish in a child?
Conflict between id and ego
26
Which is the critical component of the resolution of the Oedipus complex?
Identification with the same-sex parent.
27
What causes psychological disorders, according to Karen Horney?
Disturbed interpersonal relationships during childhood.
28
Name Carl Jung's personality theory.
Analytical psychology
29
Name Alfred Adler's theory.
Individual psychology
30
Who considered humans as social beings?
Eric Fromm
31
The behaviour approach gives importance to internal dynamics of behaviour. True or false?
False. The behaviourists believe in data.
32
For most behaviorists, what is the structural unit of personality?
Response
33
Name two people who have contributed to the development of humanistic perpective.
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
34
Which condition was named by Carl Rogers to ensure enhancement of people's self-concept?
Unconditional positive regard
35
Name the therapy technique developed by Carl Rogers.
Client-centered therapy
36
Name the theory introduced by Maslow.
Hierarchy of needs
37
Who used factor analysis to come up with primary traits?
Raymond catell
38
who suggested that the best method to assess someone was to ask them about themselves?
Gordon Allport
39
what are the full forms of MMPI and JMPI?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory | Jodhpur Multiphasic Personality Inventory
40
How many statements does MMPI have?
567 statements
41
who developed mmpi and jmpi?
hathaway and McKinley | mallick and joshi
42
how many traits are present in each dimension of EPQ?
32
43
Projective techniques give objective scoring and are quantitative. true or false?
False. they cannot be scored in an objective manner and are qualitative.
44
who developed the rorschach inkblot test?
Hermann rorschach
45
How many inkblots are there in the rorschach test?
10
46
which are the two phases of the rorschach inkblot test?
performance proper and inquiry
47
for which projective technique has a computer technique for analysis available?
rorschach inkblot test
48
full form of TAT?
The Thematic Apperception test.
49
Who developed TAT?
Morgan and Murray
50
How many cards are present in TAT and how many cards are suffiecient per person?
30 are present and 20 are appropriate for a subject.
51
who developed the indian version of TAT?
Uma chaudhury
52
which projective technique focuses on aggression?
Rosenzweig's Picture-Frustration Study (P-F study)
53
who developed indian version of P-F study?
Pareek
54
omission of facial features in draw a person test suggest?
evasion of highly conflict ridden interpersonal relaltionship.
55
emphasis on neck in draw a person test suggests?
lack of control over impulses
56
disproportionately large head in draw a person test suggests?
organic brain disease and pre-occupation with headaches.
57
which interveiw method goes beyond the response of subject?
Diagnostic interviews
58
it is impossible to not have an idea of your self. true/false?
false, a newly born child has no idea of its self.
59
self is a part of identity. true/false?
false, idendity is a part of self
60
what do you think forms the basis of self?
experiences
61
what is frequent method used to find out someone's self concept?
asking them about themselves directly
62
in which areas do children form a sense of self esteem by the age of 6 or 7?
academic competence, social competence, physical/ athletic competence and physical appearance
63
what are some psychological techniques for self control?
observation of own behaviour, self instruction and self reinforcement.
64
what is the nature of the boundary between self and the other?
shifting nature
65
from where has the meaning of the word personalit been derived from?
latin word 'persona', a mask used in roman theatres by actors to change their face make up
66
according to gordon allport, what role do traits play in response to a stimulus?
traits are considered intervening variables that occur between the stimulus situation and response of the person
67
according to allport, variation in traits doesn't affect the response to a stimulus situation. true/false?
false, any variation in traits will ellicit a different response to the same situation
68
who believed that thereis a common structure on which people differ from each other?
raymond catell
69
which claim given by frued in terms of a particular defense mechanism has been debunked by studies?
projection reduces anxiety and stress
70
which instinctual force energises the id? what principle governs it?
libido, pleasure principle
71
name the stages where: i) sexual urges are inactive ii) conflict between ego and id arises iii) child becomes aware of sexuality iv) interaction with the opposite sex in a mature way v) feelings about the world are established
``` latency anal phallic genital oral ```
72
failure to pass successfully from a stage can lead to which two outcomes?
fixation and regression
73
what are the names of the theories that came after frued's?
neo-analytic or post-freudian theories
74
archetypes in our collective unconscious are aquired. true/false?
false, they are inherited
75
women are more likely to be affected by biological factors. true/false?
false, women are more likely to be affected by socio and cultural factors
76
according to behaviorists, what is considered as personality development?
change in response characteristics
77
according to carl rogers, what is the motivating force behing personality development?
fulfillment
78
according to carl rogers, how do people maximise self concept?
self actualisation
79
answers given through self report measures are accepted at their face value and are quantitative. true/false?
true
80
which test helps to identify varieties of psychopathology?
MMPI
81
what problems can self report measures suffer from?
social desirability and acquiescence
82
stimuli used in projective techniques are properly defined and structures. true/false?
false, they are fully instructured and poorly defined
83
projective techniques can be scored objectively. true/false?
false
84
what are the two stages of rorschach inkblot test?
performance proper and inquiry
85
projective tecniques is a direct personality assessment. true/false?
false, it is an indirect pers. assessment
86
what is a drawback of projective techniques?
there are problems associated with reliability of scoring and validity of the tests

Psychology (3 decks)

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