Self and Identity Flashcards
Explain what is “symbolic interactionism theory”
It is the theory that self emerges from human interaction, people create and maintain their social reality through symbolic communication and interaction
What is the “looking-glass self” theory?
Seeing oneself as (one thinks) others see them , it is functional within complex social relations but is biased
What is the difference between personality and identity?
Personality:
- single cognitive structure
- partly formed biologically
- formed in early youth
- fixed - stable throughout the lifespan
- unique to individual
Identity:
- cognitive structure made up of multiple components: 1. interactive 2. motivated
- changeable: responds to situations and context
- shared with others
How do we distinguish 2 types of self?
- individual self and 2. collective self
What are the components of “self-discrepancy theory”?
- actual self 2. ideal self 3. ‘ought’ self
What is “self regulation” used for?
It is a process of controlling one’s thoughts, emotions, behaviors in order to match the ‘ideal’ self standard.
What are the 2 self-regulatory systems?
- promotion system
- adopt approach strategic means - prevention system
- adopt avoidance strategic means
Describe the “overjustification effect.”
It is that if there are no clear external factors influencing our behavior, we assume we are doing it because we must like it.
What is social comparison theory based on?
That people evaluate their abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others to form socially acceptable thinking and behaviors.
What is the “self-evaluation maintenance model”?
Theory suggesting an individual will maintain and enhance/ lower their self-esteem via a downward/upward social comparison.
What is “BIRGing”?
Basking in reflected glory - tendency of individuals to associate themselves with the successes of others to lift their own self-esteem and make a good impression on others.
