Seizures + Epilepsy

Question 1

Based on NICE guidelines, list the 4 first line ASMs for generalised tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 1

1) Carbamazepine
2) Oxcarbazepine
3) Lamotrigine
4) Sodium valproate

Question 2

Based on NICE guidelines, list the 5 adjunctive ASMs for generalised tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 2

1) Clobazam
2) Lamotrigine
3) Levetiracetam
4) Sodium valproate
5) Topiramate

Question 3

Based on NICE guidelines, list 1 first-line ASMs for tonic/atonic seizures

Answer 3

sodium valproate

Question 4

Based on NICE guidelines, list the adjunctive ASM for tonic / atonic seizures

Answer 4

Lamotrigine

Question 5

Based on NICE guidelines, list first-line ASMs for absence seizures (3)

Answer 5

1) Ethosuximide
2) Sodium valproate
3) Lamotrigine

Question 6

Based on NICE guidelines, list the adjunctive ASMs for absence seizures (3)

Answer 6

1) Ethosuximide
2) Sodium valproate
3) Lamotrigine

Question 7

Based on NICE guidelines, list the first-line ASMs for myoclonic seizures

Answer 7

1) Levetiracetam
2) Sodium valproate
3) Topiramate

Question 8

Based on NICE guidelines, list the adjunctive ASMs for myoclonic seizures

Answer 8

1) Levetiracetam
2) Sodium valproate
3) Topiramate

Question 9

Based on NICE guidelines, list the first-line ASMs for focal seizures (5)

Answer 9

1) Carbamazepine
2) Oxcarbazepine
3) Lamotrigine
4) Levetiracetam
5) Sodium valproate

Question 10

Based on NICE guidelines, list at least 5 adjunctive ASMs for focal seizures

Answer 10

1) Carbamazepine
2) Oxcarbazepine
3) Lamotrigine
4) Levetiracetam
5) Sodium valproate
6) Clobazam
7) Topiramate
8) Gabapentin

Question 11

List 3 potent enzyme inducing ASMs

Answer 11

1) Carbamazepine (CYP 1A2, 2C, 3A4; UGTs)
2) Phenytoin (CYP 2C, 3A; UGTs)
3) Phenobarbital (CYP 1A, 2A6, 2B, 3A; UGTs)

Question 12

Which ASM(s) is a potent enzyme inhibitor and what enzymes does it inhibits?

Answer 12

Sodium valproate, inhibits CYP2C9, UGTs