Seismic Waves Flashcards
The 3 types of seismic waves
P-waves (Primary Waves)
S-waves (Secondary Waves)
L-waves (Surface Waves)
Features of a P-wave
Can travel through solids and liquids
Are the fastest type of waves
Longitudinal (vibrations are along the same direction as the direction of trave)
The crust vibrates forward and back along the path of the wave
Features of an S-wave
Can only travel through solids
Arrive at the detectors second
Transverse (Vibrations are at right angles to the direction of travel/ vibrate up and down)
The crust vibrates from side to side and up and down
Features of surface wave
Similar to water waves and travel just under the Earth’s surface
Generated when the source of the earthquake is close to the Earth’s surface
Travel the slowest
Most destructive type of seismic wave
What is a seismic wave?
The energy released when an earthquake occurs. These waves spread out from the focus and become less intense as they travel further away. The most severe damage will happen close to the epicenter.
Features of a Love wave?
A love wave is a type of surface wave that travels through the Earth’s crust. Love waves are characterized by their horizontal motion and can cause significant damage to buildings and other structures. They are typically generated by large earthquakes and can travel long distances.
Features of a Rayleigh wave?
A Rayleigh wave is a type of surface wave that travels along the surface of a solid or liquid medium. It is named after Lord Rayleigh, who first described the wave in detail. Rayleigh waves are typically generated by earthquakes and are characterized by their circular motion and long wavelengths. They are also known for their ability to cause significant damage to structures.
