Seismic events Flashcards
What direction are constructive plates moving?
Plates are moving apart
What example of constructive plate margins am I using?
North American plate parting from the Eurasian
Constructive plate margins can be found in 2 different landforms, what are they and where are they found?
Oceanic Ridge which is found in East Africa and Rift valley in North America
How is a Rift Valley formed?
- When plates diverge between land, rising magma causes the continental crust to bulge and fracture forming fault lines.
- As these plates keep moving apart, the crust between the parallel faults drop down to form a rift valley.
- Volcanoes are found beneath rift valleys, for example Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya.
How is an Ocean Ridge formed?
- Where diverging plates are underwater, an ocean ridge forms.
- Underwater volcanoes erupt along mid ocean ridges and they can build up to be sea level (iceland)
What is a destructive plate?
Plates are moving together
Destructive plates can be found in 3 landforms, what are they and where are they found?
Oceanic-Continental = Deep sea trench (Peru-Chilli Trench in pacific ocean) Oceanic-Oceanic = Deep sea trench - Islands Arc (Mariana islands in the North Pacific Ocean) Continental-Continental = Fold Mountains (Himalayas in Asia)
What direction is a conservative plate margin moving?
Plates are sliding past each other
What are some primary factors of a seismic hazard?
Ground shaking
Landslides
Building collapse
Ground splitting
What are some secondary factors of seismic events?
Subsidence
Tsunami/flood
Fire/gas leak
Power outages
What is a body wave?
Travel through the Earth can be divided into primary (p) waves or secondary (s) waves.
What is a surface wave?
Travel along the Earth’s surface. Surface waves can be divided into Love + Rayleigh waves. Love waves shake the ground at right angles to the directions of the movement while Rayleigh waves have a rolling moving.
What is seismology?
The study of earthquakes + seismic waves through and around the Earth.
