Segment 3-Physical Activity Interventions Flashcards
What is determinant research?
Factors that affect exercise behaviour
Genetic, social, psychological, program, environmental
What is intervention research?
Seeks to manipulate factors that affect exercise behaviour
What 2 ways is intervention research associated with PA?
1.Physical activity as the criterion variable:
Intervention to increase exercise -> Change in exercise behaviour
2.Physical activity as the treatment variable:
Exercise intervention -> Change in function, health status, QoL
What are the 4 approached to PA interventions?
- Informational Approaches
- Behavioural Approaches
- Social Approaches
- Environmental/Policy Approaches
What is the point of Informational Approaches?
To change knowledge and attitudes
What is the point of Behavioural Approaches?
To teach necessary skills
What is the point of Social Approaches?
To use relations conductive to behaviour change
What is the point of Environmental/Policy Approaches?
To Change structure of environments
3 forms of Informational Approaches
- Mass Media Campaigns
- Community-Wide Campaigns
- Point of Decision Prompts
5 commonly used Behavioural Approach Techniques
- Exercise Contracts
- Action Plans/Implementation Intentions
- Theory of Planned Behaviour
- Relapse Prevention
- Self-monitoring
Which approach is the most effective way to increase PA?
Behavioural
Effectiveness of Mass Media Campaigns
- Reach large number of people
- Well remembered
Drawbacks of Mass Media Campaigns
- Don’t provide sufficient information (i.e., the ‘how)
- Can be expensive
- May not reach target audience
- Difficult to show effects on behaviour
Effectiveness of Community-Wide Campaigns
-improvements in % (although small) of people who are active and energy expenditure
Drawbacks of Community-Wide Campaigns
- require planning, well-trained staff, resources
- may not reach enough people
- require ‘buy in’ from influential members of community
Effectiveness of Point of Decision Prompts
- little time, effort, and money to implement
- effective when messages about specific benefits are targeted to specific groups
Drawbacks of Point of Decision Prompts
- effective only when sign is posted AND when alternative option such as stairs are safe and easy to find
- does not guarantee people will find other opportunities to be active in daily life
5 things messages should do
- Emphasize meaningful, positive consequences of exercise
- Discuss how to minimize negative consequences of exercise
- Create social pressure to exercise
- Enhance beliefs that people have control over exercise
- Provide detailed (simple) information of how to start PA
Drawbacks of Behavioural Approaches
- well-trained counselors are needed
- limited number of activity counselors vs. numbers of inactive people
Effectiveness of Social Approaches
-leads to increased PA and fitness, especially when combined with other interventions
Drawbacks of Social Approaches
- impossible to know which component of intervention responsible for improvement
- success depends on cooperation of group members
What is the point of GMCP Interventions?
-Capitalize on benefits obtained from behavioural and social approaches
3 phases of GMCP Interventions?
Intensive Phase
Transition Phase
Follow-Up Phase
What is part of the intensive phase?
- Form/develop group
- Learn to self-regulate
- Build self-efficacy
