Segment #2 Flashcards
What is the vicious circle in MI’s?
Decreased 02/nutrients available makes heart work harder to movement ore blood for supply which in turn raises demand
Insulin is produced by?
Beta cells
Valium, Ativan, versed, rohypnol are examples of?
Benzos
Opioids active what receptors?
MU, Kappa
What is group beating
A pattern of repetitive arms complexes
What is parasystole?
A ectopic, independent RYTHM that operates concurrently with the dominant rhythm whose foci cant be discharged by the dominant pacemaker impulses.
How many total vertebrae?
33
GTPLAM means?
G: gravida T: Term P: Para L:Number of LIVING children A: Abortus M: Multiple births
Definition of Arrhythmia
Irregularly or absence of a heartbeat
Cipro, Bactrin, flagyl, amoxil, ampiciliian are examples of what?
Antibiotics
What does osteblasts and class respond to?
Estrogen
What are the 4 types of connectors most often seen in iv admin sets?
1-slip type
2-Luer lock
3-slip Liebr
4 general causes of anemia?
1-impaired RBC production
2-increased RBC production
3-blood loss
4-combination of the above
What is the skin like in neuro shock?
Pink, warm, dry
Diphenhydramine is example of what?
Antihistamines
Neo Nate rec triangle
Dry Warm Position Suction Stimulate 02 BVM ETT Chest compressions Medications
Metoprolol, atenolol, sotalol (beta blockers)
Amlodipine, adalat (calcium channel blockers) are examples of what drug?
Antiarrythmias
Varices is caused by what?
Cirrhosis of the liver which increae hepatoportal pressure
The condition after a seizure is called?
Todds paralysis
Valium goes in what site?
Rectal
What is polycythemia?
An increase in the amount of circulation RBC’s
What is super Hep?
D
Gallstones is called?
Biliary Colic
If apgar score is _____ must start CPR
-6
- Lassifications of drugs are what?
1: tricyclics: Amitryptaline, desipramine, doexpin, imipramine
2 MAOi’s: Maryland, nardil, parnate
3: SSRI proxac, fluxetine, Paxil, Zoloft
4-atypical: Wellbutrin, Effexor
Antidepressants
What is Idiojunctional RYTHM
Relatively slow, independent RYTHM that arises in the av junction and controls the ventricles.
90% of diabetes are..?
Type 2, NIDDM
Coumadin (warfarin), heparin are examples of what?
Anticoagulants/ antiplatelet
What is Empyema?
Collection of puss/exudates in pleural space
-generally from previous lung infection that has spread
What are the 3 basic types of iv catheters?
1-plastic catehtorers inserted over hollow needles
2-palastic catheters unserted through hollow needle or over a guide wire
3-hollow need (butterfly type)
3 major vessels most frequently injured in vascular structure injury are?
1-aorta
2-inferior vena cava
3-renal, messenteric, and iliac arteries and veins
3 cirrhosis causes
1-alcohol abuse
2-hep b and c
3-autoimmune dieseae
Small punches in the colons that bulge outward through weak spots.
Diverculosis
Furosemide (lasix) aldactone, hyrocholothiazide, diuril examples of what?
Diuretics
APGAR means
Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration’s
What are the 4 types of hemophilia?
1-A
2-B (Christmas)
3-C
4-Von Willebrand disease
What kind of hypertension has strongest link to atherosclerosis as main cause?
Primary
For CVA what is the timeline for when we pick up to delivery to CT?
4.5 hrs
What is Virchows Triad? Hint, for DVT
1-hypercoagulabliity
2-blood stasis
3-vessel damascene
Esophageal varices is often caused by what?
Liver cirrhosis
stages of acute renal failure
1-prerenal
2-renal
3-postrenal
How many bones in appendicular and axial?
Appen: 126
Axial: 80
What seizure consists ofbehavioural change and altered LOC?
Complex partial
2 major types of biliary colic?
1-cholesterol gallstones( too much fatty foods)
2-pigment gallstones (bilirubin)
What abd issue has kussmauls resps?
Chronic renal failure
What is renal colic?
Kidney stones
What inch needle for IM
1-1.5 inch
19-23 gauge
Glucagon is produced by..?
Alpha cells
What are the 9 fracture types?
1- open 2-closed 3-compression 4-colles 5-greenstick 6-transverse 7-oblique 8-simple 9-comminuted
What chronic disorder is muscular dystrophy caused by degeneration of motor neurons of the spinal cord?
ALS/ Lou Gehrigs
What tunica has semilunar valves designed to prevent backflow and ensure the flow of blood toward the heart?
-tunics intima (inner)
What 2 organs are primary sources of exsanguinations?
Liver and spleen
3 types of angina pain?
1-stable
2-variant (prinzmetal)
3-unstable
What infection can be life threatening?
Infectious
What is epiglottitis?
Bacterial infection of epiglottis
What seizure is a form of epilepsy involving buried alteration in movement, sensation or nerve function caused by abnormal electirucal activity in localized area of the brain?
Jacksonian
What is a bundle branch block
An abnormality in cardiac impulse conduction through the fibres of the bundle of his
What is the time of flow rate equation?
Volume x gtt/ml
——————-
Gtt/min
What headaches are typically more intense at night?
Cluster
____ poisoning exhibits a similar clinical picture or organophosphate posioning
Carbamate
What disorder is a infection of the brain tissue by a bacteria or virus which usually occurs first in another area of the body and migrates to the brain?
Encephalitis
3 classifications of connections at joints?
1-immovable
2-slightly moveable
3-highly moveable
What are the 4 dorms of Artherosclerosis?
1-PVD
2-Aortic problems
3-CVA
4-CAD
2 main types of dialysis
1-hemodialysis
2-peritoneal dialysis
When is paraplegic?
Thoracic
When is quadriplegia?
Cervical
What is AV dissociation
The independent beating of the atria and ventricles
What is potentiation?
A synergistic action in which the effect of 2 drudge given simultaneously is greater than the effect of the drugs given separertly
What 4 types does IV solutions come in?
1-Crystaloids
2-Colloids
3-Blood
4-Oxygen carrying fluids
“COBB” salad
When seizure last more than 30 mins it is called?
Status epilepticus
What is Bigeminy?
A normal beat alternating with a premature beat
Lidocaine, Epi, atropine and narcan are examples of what?
ET meds
What kind of needle should be used for patients in shock, cardiac arrest, or other life threatening emergencies
Large bore
Indications and contra for traction splints
Indi:
- mid shaft demure fracture
- closed
- no pelvic or lower extremiyy injury
Contra:
- open fractures
- gross angulations
What is a example of hyper and hypo tonic solutions?
Hypo
-.3 % normal saline
Hyper:
- Mannitol (head injury pts)
- 3.0% normal saline
What disease is resulting in spotty destruction of myelin?
Multiple sclerosis
A lethal dose of TCA is only ___x the prescribed dose
8x
3 main causes of peptic ulcers?
1-helicobacter pylori infection
2-increae gastric secreations
3-decreased mucosal secreations (NSAID abuse)
The ___ and ____ may be injured by compression forces in high speed motor vehicle crashed and deceleration injurties with people wearing seat belts
Large and small bowel
Inflammation of the gall bladder is called?
Choleycstis
What is Mobitz type 2 block?
A second degree or partial av block characterized by the sudden nonconduction of a atrial impulse and a periodic nonconducted beat that occurs without warning-without previous lengthening of the PR interval,
Wha temp does crack melt at?
98 Deg c
10 % of diabetics are?
Type 1, IDDM
Osteoblasts vs Osteoclasts
Blasts: build bone
Clasts: break down bone
Lorazopam, ,idazolam (versed), diazepam (Valium) are examples of what?
Benzo
Definition of Aberrant
Abnormal
3 stages of chronic renal failure?
1-early stage (60% nephron loss)
2-second stage (75% nephron loss)
3-end stage (uremia) (90% nephron loss)
True or false?
The brain has no pain receptors?
True!
What are some examples of Isotonic Solutions?
1-.9% normal saline
2- Ringers Lactate
3-D5W (relatively isotonic)
What is placenta Previa? Pain?
Abnormal posistion of the placenta within the uterus
Painless, bright red blood
What is Croup?
Viral infection. Upper airway becomes inflamed and minor swelling
1: ACE inhibitors: accupril, captopril, lisinopril, enalapril
2: angiotensin 2 blockers:losartan
Antihypertensives “ils”